(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Bacteria: NE > Terrabacteria group: NE > Actinobacteria [phylum]: NE > Actinobacteria [class]: NE > Corynebacteriales: NE > Mycobacteriaceae: NE > Mycobacterium: NE > Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC): NE > Mycobacterium indicus pranii: NE > Mycobacterium indicus pranii MTCC 9506: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Mycobacterium sp. H4Y: N, E.
Mycobacterium yongonense 05-1390: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare MIN_052511_1280: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare MIN_061107_1834: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare 1956: N, E.
Mycobacterium chimaera: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare MOTT-02: N, E.
Mycobacterium yongonense: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare ATCC 13950: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. yongonense: N, E.
Mycobacterium marseillense: N, E.
Mycobacterium intracellulare MOTT-64: N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MSVTVGFMHHRTVRAHTATGTVEGFTRDGVNRWRSIPYARPPVGNLRFRA PQPAAPWSGVRHCHGFANCAPQQRRYTLLGLSGLGGRYQPMSEDCLTLNV VAPEGAMEGPLPVMVFIHGGGYFLGSSATPLYDGAALARRGCVYVSVNYR LGALGCVDFSSLSTPDITIDSNLYLRDLVLALQWVRDNIAGFGGDPDNVT IFGESAGACITASLLAVPSAKGLFARAISESPASGLTRSKEVAAEFANRF AGLLGVRKQDAADALMRASAAQLVKTQHALIDEGMQNRLGAFPIGPVVGD DVLPMDPVEAMRRGDAHPVPLIVGTNAEEGRLFTRFLAMLPTNESMVEEL LAEADPAIRERITAAYPDYPERAACIQLGGDFAFGSAAWQIAEAHSAHAP TYLYRYDYAPRTLRWSGFGATHATELLAVFDVYRTRFGALLTAAADRRAA LRVSNQVQRRWRAFSRTGVPGEDWPRYNATDRAVMVFDRKSRVEFDPHPH RRMAWDGFSLAH
References
1 moreTitle: Whole-Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium intracellulare Clinical Strain MOTT-H4Y, Belonging to INT5 Genotype Lee H, Kim BJ, Kim K, Hong SH, Kook YH Ref: Genome Announc, 1:, 2013 : PubMed
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the Mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain MOTT-H4Y, grouped previously into the INT5 genotype of the 5 genotypes of M. intracellulare.
Understanding the evolutionary and genomic mechanisms responsible for turning the soil-derived saprophytic mycobacteria into lethal intracellular pathogens is a critical step towards the development of strategies for the control of mycobacterial diseases. In this context, Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) is of specific interest because of its unique immunological and evolutionary significance. Evolutionarily, it is the progenitor of opportunistic pathogens belonging to M. avium complex and is endowed with features that place it between saprophytic and pathogenic species. Herein, we have sequenced the complete MIP genome to understand its unique life style, basis of immunomodulation and habitat diversification in mycobacteria. As a case of massive gene acquisitions, 50.5% of MIP open reading frames (ORFs) are laterally acquired. We show, for the first time for Mycobacterium, that MIP genome has mosaic architecture. These gene acquisitions have led to the enrichment of selected gene families critical to MIP physiology. Comparative genomic analysis indicates a higher antigenic potential of MIP imparting it a unique ability for immunomodulation. Besides, it also suggests an important role of genomic fluidity in habitat diversification within mycobacteria and provides a unique view of evolutionary divergence and putative bottlenecks that might have eventually led to intracellular survival and pathogenic attributes in mycobacteria.
BACKGROUND: Evolutionary dynamics plays a central role in facilitating the mechanisms of species divergence among pathogenic and saprophytic mycobacteria. The ability of mycobacteria to colonize hosts, to proliferate and to cause diseases has evolved due to its predisposition to various evolutionary forces acting over a period of time. Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP), a taxonomically unknown 'generalist' mycobacterium, acts as an immunotherapeutic against leprosy and is approved for use as a vaccine against it. The large-scale field trials of this MIP based leprosy vaccine coupled with its demonstrated immunomodulatory and adjuvant property has led to human clinical evaluations of MIP in interventions against HIV-AIDS, psoriasis and bladder cancer. MIP, commercially available as 'Immuvac', is currently the focus of advanced phase III clinical trials for its antituberculosis efficacy. Thus a comprehensive analysis of MIP vis-a-vis evolutionary path, underpinning its immanent immunomodulating properties is of the highest desiderata. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Genome wide comparisons together with molecular phylogenetic analyses by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) based genotyping and candidate orthologues sequencing revealed that MIP has been the predecessor of highly pathogenic Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAIC) that did not resort to parasitic adaptation by reductional gene evolution and therefore, preferred a free living life-style. Further analysis suggested a shared aquatic phase of MAIC bacilli with the early pathogenic forms of Mycobacterium, well before the latter diverged as 'specialists'. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This evolutionary paradigm possibly affirms to marshall our understanding about the acquisition and optimization of virulence in mycobacteria and determinants of boundaries therein.
Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium yongonense DSM 45126(T), genetically closely related to the INT5 genotype of M. intracellulare.
Title: Whole-Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium intracellulare Clinical Strain MOTT-H4Y, Belonging to INT5 Genotype Lee H, Kim BJ, Kim K, Hong SH, Kook YH Ref: Genome Announc, 1:, 2013 : PubMed
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the Mycobacterium intracellulare clinical strain MOTT-H4Y, grouped previously into the INT5 genotype of the 5 genotypes of M. intracellulare.
Understanding the evolutionary and genomic mechanisms responsible for turning the soil-derived saprophytic mycobacteria into lethal intracellular pathogens is a critical step towards the development of strategies for the control of mycobacterial diseases. In this context, Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) is of specific interest because of its unique immunological and evolutionary significance. Evolutionarily, it is the progenitor of opportunistic pathogens belonging to M. avium complex and is endowed with features that place it between saprophytic and pathogenic species. Herein, we have sequenced the complete MIP genome to understand its unique life style, basis of immunomodulation and habitat diversification in mycobacteria. As a case of massive gene acquisitions, 50.5% of MIP open reading frames (ORFs) are laterally acquired. We show, for the first time for Mycobacterium, that MIP genome has mosaic architecture. These gene acquisitions have led to the enrichment of selected gene families critical to MIP physiology. Comparative genomic analysis indicates a higher antigenic potential of MIP imparting it a unique ability for immunomodulation. Besides, it also suggests an important role of genomic fluidity in habitat diversification within mycobacteria and provides a unique view of evolutionary divergence and putative bottlenecks that might have eventually led to intracellular survival and pathogenic attributes in mycobacteria.
BACKGROUND: Evolutionary dynamics plays a central role in facilitating the mechanisms of species divergence among pathogenic and saprophytic mycobacteria. The ability of mycobacteria to colonize hosts, to proliferate and to cause diseases has evolved due to its predisposition to various evolutionary forces acting over a period of time. Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP), a taxonomically unknown 'generalist' mycobacterium, acts as an immunotherapeutic against leprosy and is approved for use as a vaccine against it. The large-scale field trials of this MIP based leprosy vaccine coupled with its demonstrated immunomodulatory and adjuvant property has led to human clinical evaluations of MIP in interventions against HIV-AIDS, psoriasis and bladder cancer. MIP, commercially available as 'Immuvac', is currently the focus of advanced phase III clinical trials for its antituberculosis efficacy. Thus a comprehensive analysis of MIP vis-a-vis evolutionary path, underpinning its immanent immunomodulating properties is of the highest desiderata. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Genome wide comparisons together with molecular phylogenetic analyses by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) based genotyping and candidate orthologues sequencing revealed that MIP has been the predecessor of highly pathogenic Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAIC) that did not resort to parasitic adaptation by reductional gene evolution and therefore, preferred a free living life-style. Further analysis suggested a shared aquatic phase of MAIC bacilli with the early pathogenic forms of Mycobacterium, well before the latter diverged as 'specialists'. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This evolutionary paradigm possibly affirms to marshall our understanding about the acquisition and optimization of virulence in mycobacteria and determinants of boundaries therein.
