(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Metazoa: NE > Eumetazoa: NE > Bilateria: NE > Deuterostomia: NE > Chordata: NE > Craniata: NE > Vertebrata: NE > Gnathostomata: NE > Teleostomi: NE > Euteleostomi: NE > Sarcopterygii: NE > Dipnotetrapodomorpha: NE > Tetrapoda: NE > Amniota: NE > Sauropsida: NE > Sauria: NE > Archelosauria: NE > Archosauria: NE > Dinosauria: NE > Saurischia: NE > Theropoda: NE > Coelurosauria: NE > Aves: NE > Neognathae: NE > Galloanserae: NE > Anseriformes: NE > Anatidae: NE > Anas: NE > Anas platyrhynchos: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA NKPSKLPGSPLILIASSGPSNSMFPTSRRHRFWQSQLSCLGKVIPIATHL HNGSGVGVLQCLEHMIGAVRSKVAEIHNHFSHKPIILIGWNTGALVACHV SVMEYVTAVVCLGFPLLTVDGPRGDIDDPLLEMKTPVLFVIGQNSLQCNI EAMEDFREKIRADNSMVVVGGADDNLRISKAKKKSEGLTQSMVDRCIQDE IADFLTGVLTRA
The duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is one of the principal natural hosts of influenza A viruses. We present the duck genome sequence and perform deep transcriptome analyses to investigate immune-related genes. Our data indicate that the duck possesses a contractive immune gene repertoire, as in chicken and zebra finch, and this repertoire has been shaped through lineage-specific duplications. We identify genes that are responsive to influenza A viruses using the lung transcriptomes of control ducks and ones that were infected with either a highly pathogenic (A/duck/Hubei/49/05) or a weakly pathogenic (A/goose/Hubei/65/05) H5N1 virus. Further, we show how the duck's defense mechanisms against influenza infection have been optimized through the diversification of its beta-defensin and butyrophilin-like repertoires. These analyses, in combination with the genomic and transcriptomic data, provide a resource for characterizing the interaction between host and influenza viruses.