Gene_locus Report for: bacan-BA5110Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family Comment Other strains: Bacillus anthracis (strains Ames; CI; CDC684/NRRL3495; A0248; Al Hakam; A0488; A0193; A0442; A0389; A0465; A0174; Tsiankovskii-I; H9401) Bacillus thuringiensis (strains subsp. konkukian; Al Hakam; subsp. finitimus (strain YBT-020)) Bacillus cereus (strains ATCC 10987/03BB102; F837/76; NC7401) Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis ATCC 35646 serovar tochigiensis BGSC 4Y1 Q6HC27 for Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian) Q72YK7 Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 10987) Rasko et al Relationship
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) There are 45 a/b hydrolases in Bacillus anthracis view in a: Table
6_AlphaBeta_hydrolase : bacan-BA0160Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) and Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA0954Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus cereus; Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, Bifunctional nucleotide sugar epimerase/hydrolase mxaa domain protein, bacan-BA1747Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA1914Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) and Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian) Bacillus cereus (strain ZK) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA2015Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA2417Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA2557Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA2687  Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hydrolase, and Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 10987) alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA2865Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) Bacillus cereus MM3 hypothetical protein, bacan-BA3068Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA3187Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA3343Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) Bacillus thuringiensis (strain Al Hakam) (subsp. konkukian)Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 10987)hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA3372Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA3877Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) and Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian) (strain Al Hakam) hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA3887Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames)Bacillus cereus G9241 hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family.A85-IroE-IroD-Fes-Yiel : bacan-BA1242Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, hypothetical protein, bacan-BA2694Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames)Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki str. T03a001 Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 esterase, putative, bacan-BA3863Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, hypothetical protein. Aclacinomycin-methylesterase_RdmC : bacan-BA2738Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family. AlphaBeta_hydrolase : bacan-BA1019Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family, bacan-BA3178Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus weihenstephanensis hypothetical protein, bacan-BA4328Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) hypothetical protein, bacan-BA4577Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacillus cereus; hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family. Bacillus_lip : bacan-q81tt2Bacillus anthracis. hypothetical protein. Bacterial_EstLip_FamX : bacan-BA1866Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus hypothetical protein. Bacterial_lip_FamI.5 : bacan-BA2607Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus lipase, putative. BlEst2-lipase-like : bacan-a0a6l7h3w8Bacillus anthracis. Uncharacterized protein. Carbon-carbon_bond_hydrolase : bacan-BA5136Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian) (strain Al Hakam) Bacillus cereus G9241 hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family. Homoserine_transacetylase : bacan-BA4983 Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Homoserine O-acetyltransferase, putative.LYsophospholipase_carboxylesterase : bacan-BA3703Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, phospholipase/carboxylesterase family protein. Monoglyceridelipase_lysophospholip : bacan-BA5009Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus weihenstephanensis lysophospholipase l2 (EC 3.1.1.5). PAF-Acetylhydrolase : bacan-BA0950Bacillus anthracis (strain Ames) and Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. konkukian)hypothetical protein. PC-sterol_acyltransferase : bacan-BA3805Bacillus anthracis prophage lambdaba01, acyltransferase, putative. Proline_iminopeptidase : bacan-BA2392Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, Bacillus mycoides, Proline_iminopeptidase, bacan-BA4324Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, hydrolase. Thioesterase : bacan-DHBFBacillus anthracis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, nonribosomal peptide synthetase dhbf Thioesterase domain. UCP033634 : bacan-Q81NX8Bacillus anthracis Uncharacterized protein, bacan-a0a1j9w4y5Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus sp.; Bacillus cereus Uncharacterized protein, bacan-a0a1j9wz46Bacillus anthracis Uncharacterized protein, bacan-a0a1t3uyy1Bacillus anthracis Alpha/beta hydrolase, bacan-a0a2a8lbn0Bacillus anthracis Alpha/beta hydrolase, bacan-a0a2a8wij7Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus cereus Alpha/beta hydrolase, bacan-a0a2b0y5d8Bacillus anthracis Uncharacterized protein, bacan-a0a2b8ijf1Bacillus anthracis Alpha/beta hydrolase Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. konkukian: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian str. 97-27: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. Ames: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis ATCC 35646: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. CDC 684: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0465: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0248: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0488: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0193: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0442: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0389: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A0174: N, E. Bacillus anthracis Tsiankovskii-I: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A2012: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. BF1: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. SVA11: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. H9401: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A16: N, E. Bacillus anthracis CZC5: N, E. Bacillus anthracis 8903-G: N, E. Bacillus anthracis 9080-G: N, E. Bacillus anthracis 52-G: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. A16R: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. UR-1: N, E. Bacillus anthracis str. Tsiankovskii-I: N, E. Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis str. CI: N, E. Bacillus cereus 03BB102: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar tochigiensis BGSC 4Y1: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis str. Al Hakam: N, E. Bacillus thuringiensis serovar finitimus YBT-020: N, E. Bacillus cereus F837/76: N, E. Bacillus cereus NC7401: N, E.
Sequence
References 3 more
Klee SR, Brzuszkiewicz EB, Nattermann H, Bruggemann H, Dupke S, Wollherr A, Franz T, Pauli G, Appel B and Liesegang H <8 more author(s)> Klee SR, Brzuszkiewicz EB, Nattermann H, Bruggemann H, Dupke S, Wollherr A, Franz T, Pauli G, Appel B, Liebl W, Couacy-Hymann E, Boesch C, Meyer FD, Leendertz FH, Ellerbrok H, Gottschalk G, Grunow R, Liesegang H (- 8) Ref: PLoS ONE, 5:e10986, 2010 : PubMed ESTHER: Klee_2010_PLoS.ONE_5_E10986 PubMedSearch: Klee 2010 PLoS.ONE 5 E10986 PubMedID: 20634886 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA1866, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC5130 Abstract Anthrax is a fatal disease caused by strains of Bacillus anthracis. Members of this monophyletic species are non motile and are all characterized by the presence of four prophages and a nonsense mutation in the plcR regulator gene. Here we report the complete genome sequence of a Bacillus strain isolated from a chimpanzee that had died with clinical symptoms of anthrax. Unlike classic B. anthracis, this strain was motile and lacked the four prohages and the nonsense mutation. Four replicons were identified, a chromosome and three plasmids. Comparative genome analysis revealed that the chromosome resembles those of non-B. anthracis members of the Bacillus cereus group, whereas two plasmids were identical to the anthrax virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2. The function of the newly discovered third plasmid with a length of 14 kbp is unknown. A detailed comparison of genomic loci encoding key features confirmed a higher similarity to B. thuringiensis serovar konkukian strain 97-27 and B. cereus E33L than to B. anthracis strains. For the first time we describe the sequence of an anthrax causing bacterium possessing both anthrax plasmids that apparently does not belong to the monophyletic group of all so far known B. anthracis strains and that differs in important diagnostic features. The data suggest that this bacterium has evolved from a B. cereus strain independently from the classic B. anthracis strains and established a B. anthracis lifestyle. Therefore we suggest to designate this isolate as "B. cereus variety (var.) anthracis". Title: The genome sequence of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 reveals metabolic adaptations and a large plasmid related to Bacillus anthracis pXO1 Rasko DA, Ravel J, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Cer RZ, Jiang L, Shores KA, Fouts DE, Tourasse NJ and Read TD <5 more author(s)> Rasko DA, Ravel J, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Cer RZ, Jiang L, Shores KA, Fouts DE, Tourasse NJ, Angiuoli SV, Kolonay J, Nelson WC, Kolsto AB, Fraser CM, Read TD (- 5) Ref: Nucleic Acids Research, 32:977, 2004 : PubMed ESTHER: Rasko_2004_Nucleic.Acids.Res_32_977 PubMedSearch: Rasko 2004 Nucleic.Acids.Res 32 977 PubMedID: 14960714 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA1727, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA2687, bacan-BA3165, bacan-BA3178, bacan-BA3343, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacc1-q72z64, bacc1-q73a27, bacc1-q73ab2, bacc1-q73br9, bacc1-q73bx8, bacc1-q73c56, bacc1-q73c93, bacc1-q73cm7, bacc1-q730c7, bacc1-q731i0, bacc1-q732y1, bacc1-q732z3, bacc1-q734r1, bacc1-q735c5, bacc1-q737t7, bacc1-q738j2, bacc1-q739p5, bacce-BC0192, bacce-BC0968, bacce-BC1027, bacce-BC1788, bacce-BC1954, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC3642, bacce-BC4345, bacce-BC4730, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC4904, bacce-BC5130, bacce-BCE3188, bacce-lipP, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, bacce-q73af5, bacce-q735f1, bacce-q736x9, bacce-q738e6, baccr-pepx Abstract We sequenced the complete genome of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987, a non-lethal dairy isolate in the same genetic subgroup as Bacillus anthracis. Comparison of the chromosomes demonstrated that B.cereus ATCC 10987 was more similar to B.anthracis Ames than B.cereus ATCC 14579, while containing a number of unique metabolic capabilities such as urease and xylose utilization and lacking the ability to utilize nitrate and nitrite. Additionally, genetic mechanisms for variation of capsule carbohydrate and flagella surface structures were identified. Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 contains a single large plasmid (pBc10987), of approximately 208 kb, that is similar in gene content and organization to B.anthracis pXO1 but is lacking the pathogenicity-associated island containing the anthrax lethal and edema toxin complex genes. The chromosomal similarity of B.cereus ATCC 10987 to B.anthracis Ames, as well as the fact that it contains a large pXO1-like plasmid, may make it a possible model for studying B.anthracis plasmid biology and regulatory cross-talk. Title: The genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames and comparison to closely related bacteria Read TD, Peterson SN, Tourasse N, Baillie LW, Paulsen IT, Nelson KE, Tettelin H, Fouts DE, Eisen JA and Fraser CM <42 more author(s)> Read TD, Peterson SN, Tourasse N, Baillie LW, Paulsen IT, Nelson KE, Tettelin H, Fouts DE, Eisen JA, Gill SR, Holtzapple EK, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Rilstone J, Wu M, Kolonay JF, Beanan MJ, Dodson RJ, Brinkac LM, Gwinn M, DeBoy RT, Madpu R, Daugherty SC, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Nelson WC, Peterson JD, Pop M, Khouri HM, Radune D, Benton JL, Mahamoud Y, Jiang L, Hance IR, Weidman JF, Berry KJ, Plaut RD, Wolf AM, Watkins KL, Nierman WC, Hazen A, Cline R, Redmond C, Thwaite JE, White O, Salzberg SL, Thomason B, Friedlander AM, Koehler TM, Hanna PC, Kolsto AB, Fraser CM (- 42) Ref: Nature, 423:81, 2003 : PubMed ESTHER: Read_2003_Nature_423_81 PubMedSearch: Read 2003 Nature 423 81 PubMedID: 12721629 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA0160, bacan-BA0950, bacan-BA0954, bacan-BA1019, bacan-BA1242, bacan-BA1727, bacan-BA1747, bacan-BA1866, bacan-BA1914, bacan-BA2015, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA2417, bacan-BA2557, bacan-BA2607, bacan-BA2687, bacan-BA2694, bacan-BA2738, bacan-BA2865, bacan-BA3068, bacan-BA3165, bacan-BA3178, bacan-BA3187, bacan-BA3343, bacan-BA3372, bacan-BA3703, bacan-BA3805, bacan-BA3863, bacan-BA3877, bacan-BA3887, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA4328, bacan-BA4338, bacan-BA4577, bacan-BA4983, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacan-BA5136, bacan-DHBF, bacan-q81tt2, bacce-BC0192, bacce-BC1788, bacce-BC1954, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC4730, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC5130, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, baccr-pepx Abstract Bacillus anthracis is an endospore-forming bacterium that causes inhalational anthrax. Key virulence genes are found on plasmids (extra-chromosomal, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules) pXO1 (ref. 2) and pXO2 (ref. 3). To identify additional genes that might contribute to virulence, we analysed the complete sequence of the chromosome of B. anthracis Ames (about 5.23 megabases). We found several chromosomally encoded proteins that may contribute to pathogenicity--including haemolysins, phospholipases and iron acquisition functions--and identified numerous surface proteins that might be important targets for vaccines and drugs. Almost all these putative chromosomal virulence and surface proteins have homologues in Bacillus cereus, highlighting the similarity of B. anthracis to near-neighbours that are not associated with anthrax. By performing a comparative genome hybridization of 19 B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains against a B. anthracis DNA microarray, we confirmed the general similarity of chromosomal genes among this group of close relatives. However, we found that the gene sequences of pXO1 and pXO2 were more variable between strains, suggesting plasmid mobility in the group. The complete sequence of B. anthracis is a step towards a better understanding of anthrax pathogenesis. 3 less
Auger S, Galleron N, Segurens B, Dossat C, Bolotin A, Wincker P, Sorokin A Ref: Journal of Bacteriology, 194:1630, 2012 : PubMed ESTHER: Auger_2012_J.Bacteriol_194_1630 PubMedSearch: Auger 2012 J.Bacteriol 194 1630 PubMedID: 22374959 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA5110, bacce-BC2171 Abstract Highly hemolytic strain Bacillus cereus F837/76 was isolated in 1976 from a contaminated prostate wound. The complete nucleotide sequence of this strain reported here counts nearly 36,500 single-nucleotide differences from the closest sequenced strain, Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam. F827/76 also contains a 10-kb plasmid that was not detected in the Al Hakam strain. Title: Complete genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar finitimus strain YBT-020 Zhu Y, Shang H, Zhu Q, Ji F, Wang P, Fu J, Deng Y, Xu C, Ye W and Sun M <4 more author(s)> Zhu Y, Shang H, Zhu Q, Ji F, Wang P, Fu J, Deng Y, Xu C, Ye W, Zheng J, Zhu L, Ruan L, Peng D, Sun M (- 4) Ref: Journal of Bacteriology, 193:2379, 2011 : PubMed ESTHER: Zhu_2011_J.Bacteriol_193_2379 PubMedSearch: Zhu 2011 J.Bacteriol 193 2379 PubMedID: 21398543 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacan-DHBF, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC5130, bacce-BCE3188, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, baccn-a7guq6, baccr-pepx, bacce-c2qdt4 Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that forms parasporal crystals at the onset of the sporulation phase of its growth. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of B. thuringiensis serovar finitimus strain YBT-020, whose parasporal crystals consist of Cry26Aa and Cry28Aa crystal proteins and are located between the exosporium and the spore coat and remain adhering to the spore after sporulation. Title: The genome of a Bacillus isolate causing anthrax in chimpanzees combines chromosomal properties of B. cereus with B. anthracis virulence plasmids Klee SR, Brzuszkiewicz EB, Nattermann H, Bruggemann H, Dupke S, Wollherr A, Franz T, Pauli G, Appel B and Liesegang H <8 more author(s)> Klee SR, Brzuszkiewicz EB, Nattermann H, Bruggemann H, Dupke S, Wollherr A, Franz T, Pauli G, Appel B, Liebl W, Couacy-Hymann E, Boesch C, Meyer FD, Leendertz FH, Ellerbrok H, Gottschalk G, Grunow R, Liesegang H (- 8) Ref: PLoS ONE, 5:e10986, 2010 : PubMed ESTHER: Klee_2010_PLoS.ONE_5_E10986 PubMedSearch: Klee 2010 PLoS.ONE 5 E10986 PubMedID: 20634886 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA1866, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC5130 Abstract Anthrax is a fatal disease caused by strains of Bacillus anthracis. Members of this monophyletic species are non motile and are all characterized by the presence of four prophages and a nonsense mutation in the plcR regulator gene. Here we report the complete genome sequence of a Bacillus strain isolated from a chimpanzee that had died with clinical symptoms of anthrax. Unlike classic B. anthracis, this strain was motile and lacked the four prohages and the nonsense mutation. Four replicons were identified, a chromosome and three plasmids. Comparative genome analysis revealed that the chromosome resembles those of non-B. anthracis members of the Bacillus cereus group, whereas two plasmids were identical to the anthrax virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2. The function of the newly discovered third plasmid with a length of 14 kbp is unknown. A detailed comparison of genomic loci encoding key features confirmed a higher similarity to B. thuringiensis serovar konkukian strain 97-27 and B. cereus E33L than to B. anthracis strains. For the first time we describe the sequence of an anthrax causing bacterium possessing both anthrax plasmids that apparently does not belong to the monophyletic group of all so far known B. anthracis strains and that differs in important diagnostic features. The data suggest that this bacterium has evolved from a B. cereus strain independently from the classic B. anthracis strains and established a B. anthracis lifestyle. Therefore we suggest to designate this isolate as "B. cereus variety (var.) anthracis". Title: The complete genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam Challacombe JF, Altherr MR, Xie G, Bhotika SS, Brown N, Bruce D, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Chen J and Brettin TS <38 more author(s)> Challacombe JF, Altherr MR, Xie G, Bhotika SS, Brown N, Bruce D, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Chen J, Chertkov O, Cleland C, Dimitrijevic M, Doggett NA, Fawcett JJ, Glavina T, Goodwin LA, Green LD, Han CS, Hill KK, Hitchcock P, Jackson PJ, Keim P, Kewalramani AR, Longmire J, Lucas S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McMurry K, Meincke LJ, Misra M, Moseman BL, Mundt M, Munk AC, Okinaka RT, Parson-Quintana B, Reilly LP, Richardson P, Robinson DL, Saunders E, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Ticknor LO, Wills PL, Gilna P, Brettin TS (- 38) Ref: Journal of Bacteriology, 189:3680, 2007 : PubMed ESTHER: Challacombe_2007_J.Bacteriol_189_3680 PubMedSearch: Challacombe 2007 J.Bacteriol 189 3680 PubMedID: 17337577 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacah-a0rcd1, bacah-a0rer5, bacah-a0rev7, bacan-BA1019, bacan-BA1242, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA2607, bacan-BA3343, bacan-BA3863, bacan-BA3877, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA4338, bacan-BA4577, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacan-BA5136, bacan-DHBF, bacc1-q73a27, bacc1-q73c93, bacce-BC0192, bacce-BC1788, bacce-BC1954, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC4730, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC5130, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, baccr-pepx, bachk-q6hcl3, bachk-q6hgn4, bachk-q6hgp9, bachk-q6hig3, bachk-q6hit8 Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis is an insect pathogen that is widely used as a biopesticide (E. Schnepf, N. Crickmore, J. Van Rie, D. Lereclus, J. Baum, J. Feitelson, D. R. Zeigler, and D. H. Dean, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62:775-806, 1998). Here we report the finished, annotated genome sequence of B. thuringiensis Al Hakam, which was collected in Iraq by the United Nations Special Commission (L. Radnedge, P. Agron, K. Hill, P. Jackson, L. Ticknor, P. Keim, and G. Andersen, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:2755-2764, 2003). Title: The genome sequence of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 reveals metabolic adaptations and a large plasmid related to Bacillus anthracis pXO1 Rasko DA, Ravel J, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Cer RZ, Jiang L, Shores KA, Fouts DE, Tourasse NJ and Read TD <5 more author(s)> Rasko DA, Ravel J, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Cer RZ, Jiang L, Shores KA, Fouts DE, Tourasse NJ, Angiuoli SV, Kolonay J, Nelson WC, Kolsto AB, Fraser CM, Read TD (- 5) Ref: Nucleic Acids Research, 32:977, 2004 : PubMed ESTHER: Rasko_2004_Nucleic.Acids.Res_32_977 PubMedSearch: Rasko 2004 Nucleic.Acids.Res 32 977 PubMedID: 14960714 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA1727, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA2687, bacan-BA3165, bacan-BA3178, bacan-BA3343, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacc1-q72z64, bacc1-q73a27, bacc1-q73ab2, bacc1-q73br9, bacc1-q73bx8, bacc1-q73c56, bacc1-q73c93, bacc1-q73cm7, bacc1-q730c7, bacc1-q731i0, bacc1-q732y1, bacc1-q732z3, bacc1-q734r1, bacc1-q735c5, bacc1-q737t7, bacc1-q738j2, bacc1-q739p5, bacce-BC0192, bacce-BC0968, bacce-BC1027, bacce-BC1788, bacce-BC1954, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC3642, bacce-BC4345, bacce-BC4730, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC4904, bacce-BC5130, bacce-BCE3188, bacce-lipP, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, bacce-q73af5, bacce-q735f1, bacce-q736x9, bacce-q738e6, baccr-pepx Abstract We sequenced the complete genome of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987, a non-lethal dairy isolate in the same genetic subgroup as Bacillus anthracis. Comparison of the chromosomes demonstrated that B.cereus ATCC 10987 was more similar to B.anthracis Ames than B.cereus ATCC 14579, while containing a number of unique metabolic capabilities such as urease and xylose utilization and lacking the ability to utilize nitrate and nitrite. Additionally, genetic mechanisms for variation of capsule carbohydrate and flagella surface structures were identified. Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 contains a single large plasmid (pBc10987), of approximately 208 kb, that is similar in gene content and organization to B.anthracis pXO1 but is lacking the pathogenicity-associated island containing the anthrax lethal and edema toxin complex genes. The chromosomal similarity of B.cereus ATCC 10987 to B.anthracis Ames, as well as the fact that it contains a large pXO1-like plasmid, may make it a possible model for studying B.anthracis plasmid biology and regulatory cross-talk. Title: The genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames and comparison to closely related bacteria Read TD, Peterson SN, Tourasse N, Baillie LW, Paulsen IT, Nelson KE, Tettelin H, Fouts DE, Eisen JA and Fraser CM <42 more author(s)> Read TD, Peterson SN, Tourasse N, Baillie LW, Paulsen IT, Nelson KE, Tettelin H, Fouts DE, Eisen JA, Gill SR, Holtzapple EK, Okstad OA, Helgason E, Rilstone J, Wu M, Kolonay JF, Beanan MJ, Dodson RJ, Brinkac LM, Gwinn M, DeBoy RT, Madpu R, Daugherty SC, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Nelson WC, Peterson JD, Pop M, Khouri HM, Radune D, Benton JL, Mahamoud Y, Jiang L, Hance IR, Weidman JF, Berry KJ, Plaut RD, Wolf AM, Watkins KL, Nierman WC, Hazen A, Cline R, Redmond C, Thwaite JE, White O, Salzberg SL, Thomason B, Friedlander AM, Koehler TM, Hanna PC, Kolsto AB, Fraser CM (- 42) Ref: Nature, 423:81, 2003 : PubMed ESTHER: Read_2003_Nature_423_81 PubMedSearch: Read 2003 Nature 423 81 PubMedID: 12721629 Gene_locus related to this paper: bacan-BA0160, bacan-BA0950, bacan-BA0954, bacan-BA1019, bacan-BA1242, bacan-BA1727, bacan-BA1747, bacan-BA1866, bacan-BA1914, bacan-BA2015, bacan-BA2392, bacan-BA2417, bacan-BA2557, bacan-BA2607, bacan-BA2687, bacan-BA2694, bacan-BA2738, bacan-BA2865, bacan-BA3068, bacan-BA3165, bacan-BA3178, bacan-BA3187, bacan-BA3343, bacan-BA3372, bacan-BA3703, bacan-BA3805, bacan-BA3863, bacan-BA3877, bacan-BA3887, bacan-BA4324, bacan-BA4328, bacan-BA4338, bacan-BA4577, bacan-BA4983, bacan-BA5009, bacan-BA5110, bacan-BA5136, bacan-DHBF, bacan-q81tt2, bacce-BC0192, bacce-BC1788, bacce-BC1954, bacce-BC2141, bacce-BC2171, bacce-BC4730, bacce-BC4862, bacce-BC5130, bacce-PHAC, bacce-q72yu1, baccr-pepx Abstract Bacillus anthracis is an endospore-forming bacterium that causes inhalational anthrax. Key virulence genes are found on plasmids (extra-chromosomal, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules) pXO1 (ref. 2) and pXO2 (ref. 3). To identify additional genes that might contribute to virulence, we analysed the complete sequence of the chromosome of B. anthracis Ames (about 5.23 megabases). We found several chromosomally encoded proteins that may contribute to pathogenicity--including haemolysins, phospholipases and iron acquisition functions--and identified numerous surface proteins that might be important targets for vaccines and drugs. Almost all these putative chromosomal virulence and surface proteins have homologues in Bacillus cereus, highlighting the similarity of B. anthracis to near-neighbours that are not associated with anthrax. By performing a comparative genome hybridization of 19 B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains against a B. anthracis DNA microarray, we confirmed the general similarity of chromosomal genes among this group of close relatives. However, we found that the gene sequences of pXO1 and pXO2 were more variable between strains, suggesting plasmid mobility in the group. The complete sequence of B. anthracis is a step towards a better understanding of anthrax pathogenesis. Other Papers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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