(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Bacteria: NE > Terrabacteria group: NE > Actinobacteria [phylum]: NE > Actinobacteria [class]: NE > Corynebacteriales: NE > Corynebacteriaceae: NE > Corynebacterium: NE > Corynebacterium diphtheriae: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Corynebacterium diphtheriae HC03: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 241: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae NCTC 13129: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae CDCE 8392: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae HC04: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae HC02: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 31A: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae HC01: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae BH8: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae VA01: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae INCA 402: N, E.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae C7 (beta): N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MSRATLGIRSSWVGFVAAATTAMASTIAPVAHAQVAHHVPHDGCSAVEVA VVGGTTQANIHDDPHDVYSFGKGTNFAVNMTRRFHNVTAWQLPYYSSAGI TASNNDAEQKEFPPYAVSKNRGVDALDAHLSDQAVKCPDTQFVIAGFSQG ADIAGDMAERISRGKTNPALTPERVLGVYLLADPGRSDLLMNPTQGQTTT GKSGPLTENGAVLIETNLGLPGAGSVGIAGPRAAGAFSNLPEKVRSICSS GDPAC
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is one of the most prominent human pathogens and the causative agent of the communicable disease diphtheria. The genomes of 12 strains isolated from patients with classical diphtheria, endocarditis, and pneumonia were completely sequenced and annotated. Including the genome of C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129, we herewith present a comprehensive comparative analysis of 13 strains and the first characterization of the pangenome of the species C. diphtheriae. Comparative genomics showed extensive synteny and revealed a core genome consisting of 1,632 conserved genes. The pangenome currently comprises 4,786 protein-coding regions and increases at an average of 65 unique genes per newly sequenced strain. Analysis of prophages carrying the diphtheria toxin gene tox revealed that the toxoid vaccine producer C. diphtheriae Park-Williams no. 8 has been lysogenized by two copies of the omega(tox)(+) phage, whereas C. diphtheriae 31A harbors a hitherto-unknown tox(+) corynephage. DNA binding sites of the tox-controlling regulator DtxR were detected by genome-wide motif searches. Comparative content analysis showed that the DtxR regulons exhibit marked differences due to gene gain, gene loss, partial gene deletion, and DtxR binding site depletion. Most predicted pathogenicity islands of C. diphtheriae revealed characteristics of horizontal gene transfer. The majority of these islands encode subunits of adhesive pili, which can play important roles in adhesion of C. diphtheriae to different host tissues. All sequenced isolates contain at least two pilus gene clusters. It appears that variation in the distributed genome is a common strategy of C. diphtheriae to establish differences in host-pathogen interactions.
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a Gram-positive, non-spore forming, non-motile, pleomorphic rod belonging to the genus Corynebacterium and the actinomycete group of organisms. The organism produces a potent bacteriophage-encoded protein exotoxin, diphtheria toxin (DT), which causes the symptoms of diphtheria. This potentially fatal infectious disease is controlled in many developed countries by an effective immunisation programme. However, the disease has made a dramatic return in recent years, in particular within the Eastern European region. The largest, and still on-going, outbreak since the advent of mass immunisation started within Russia and the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union in the 1990s. We have sequenced the genome of a UK clinical isolate (biotype gravis strain NCTC13129), representative of the clone responsible for this outbreak. The genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 2 488 635 bp, with no plasmids. It provides evidence that recent acquisition of pathogenicity factors goes beyond the toxin itself, and includes iron-uptake systems, adhesins and fimbrial proteins. This is in contrast to Corynebacterium's nearest sequenced pathogenic relative, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, where there is little evidence of recent horizontal DNA acquisition. The genome itself shows an unusually extreme large-scale compositional bias, being noticeably higher in G+C near the origin than at the terminus.
