(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Fungi: NE > Dikarya: NE > Ascomycota: NE > saccharomyceta: NE > Pezizomycotina: NE > leotiomyceta: NE > sordariomyceta: NE > Sordariomycetes: NE > Hypocreomycetidae: NE > Hypocreales: NE > Nectriaceae: NE > Fusarium: NE > Fusarium oxysporum species complex: NE > Fusarium oxysporum: NE > Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis: NE > Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis 26406: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MRIAKTYLCLLTATSVLAPPVIARPSPSPAQPRVTIKNGTLVGAQNSEYH QDYFLGIPYALPPVGNLRFNMPHELNESWSTERAATAYGPFCRTAPLKLP GFSQDGVTYARSEDCLTLNIVRPSGLSSCSKVPVLVWIHGGGLQDGGSGD PRYNMTFLVKESVSMGAPIIGVSINYRISGWGFLNGAVVNASRVANLGLH DQRLALHWIHENIGAFGGDPTRITIHGESSGAISVGHHLLAYGGRDDRLF HAAIAQSGGPLSPSSFLTLDQQDEQYAQVLNATKCSGLEDTLGCLRSVSA DVLDDAFRPLTFTPVIDGGLVPDFPSASLKEGKFVKVPLLIGANTNEGTP FTTWGGLGVDNKAEFMAAIKAFDAGQGLSDKVASDITEYYVTRLTQNDLK QQLGTVLVSPGPSYGALYGPISLYLGDVLFSSGRRYSLQAWHEHDVPAYS YRFDSVPSGISSKVLGAAHFQEVAFVFNNLAGEGYNVNPLSSSSIQREGQ LQHLSMLMARMWLSFATTLSPNHHEVPNFNITWPKYQNDNPTNMVFRLEN TTLEADNFRLDGTTQIIQAFKELKL
Fusarium species are among the most important phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi. To understand the molecular underpinnings of pathogenicity in the genus Fusarium, we compared the genomes of three phenotypically diverse species: Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our analysis revealed lineage-specific (LS) genomic regions in F. oxysporum that include four entire chromosomes and account for more than one-quarter of the genome. LS regions are rich in transposons and genes with distinct evolutionary profiles but related to pathogenicity, indicative of horizontal acquisition. Experimentally, we demonstrate the transfer of two LS chromosomes between strains of F. oxysporum, converting a non-pathogenic strain into a pathogen. Transfer of LS chromosomes between otherwise genetically isolated strains explains the polyphyletic origin of host specificity and the emergence of new pathogenic lineages in F. oxysporum. These findings put the evolution of fungal pathogenicity into a new perspective.
