(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Fornicata: NE > Diplomonadida: NE > Hexamitidae: NE > Giardiinae: NE > Giardia: NE > Giardia intestinalis: NE > Giardia lamblia ATCC 50803: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Giardia lamblia P15: N, E.
Giardia intestinalis ATCC 50581: N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MLTVHHFHPLAKNIFQGMAFAWLFLGWALSVTFDVHENIKLRRLGTFALN PKAEAILFTQSEYVQGTDSSHSTLYYISGPGKEPIQVCPLNVHASNVLYS SANNLYYFTDISSALDSAVNALYSFDPDTQLCTLLSNLPVDIDAIKVSPD GSLLAFSADVYIYNHTNRPLTNAKLEQERLAALLYKAKVFTEGYMRHWDE EAWPGLYRHLFVAPLPMTGLVTEDTVVDIMPGFDGDAPLKPFGGTESFAF SHDGSRLAFTTQIGGHKQWMTNDSIYYVDIIRHASAAHRPVRISSTAPTC LTCTNDGRDANPVFSSTDPDLLYYLSMNEPTSESDMLRLRRVSVSSQEIS DLSPSFDGSFDAFTLARDEDVVFVLAHIKARAVILQCRISLGITMDTCTT VFTGGEVSQYEFTAGENRIYMSLNSFQFPADIFSLPLSFVDRSTLTISEA ERVTAINADIMEHWDKLYRPEEFYLKSEIDGALVHSFFFRPHNNFDTSRD KCPLILYVHGGPESPWDDSWSYRWNPQILVEQGYCVLATNFHGSGSFGEE FQKSIRQHWFDIPVDDTMSAWKYVHETYSYVDKEKTCAMGASYGGTHVNW LMGHTDNITCFIVHDGIFDLTSFGLDTDELFFVIREMGGPVWEQFEMYER WNPARSAKNFSKPALVIHGGKDFRIHEYHGIALFQSLQLRGVPSRFIYFP TQSHWVWQPQESVVWHTEVVAWLDKYLKE
BACKGROUND: Giardia intestinalis is a protozoan parasite that causes diarrhea in a wide range of mammalian species. To further understand the genetic diversity between the Giardia intestinalis species, we have performed genome sequencing and analysis of a wild-type Giardia intestinalis sample from the assemblage E group, isolated from a pig. RESULTS: We identified 5012 protein coding genes, the majority of which are conserved compared to the previously sequenced genomes of the WB and GS strains in terms of microsynteny and sequence identity. Despite this, there is an unexpectedly large number of chromosomal rearrangements and several smaller structural changes that are present in all chromosomes. Novel members of the VSP, NEK Kinase and HCMP gene families were identified, which may reveal possible mechanisms for host specificity and new avenues for antigenic variation. We used comparative genomics of the three diverse Giardia intestinalis isolates P15, GS and WB to define a core proteome for this species complex and to identify lineage-specific genes. Extensive analyses of polymorphisms in the core proteome of Giardia revealed differential rates of divergence among cellular processes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that despite a well conserved core of genes there is significant genome variation between Giardia isolates, both in terms of gene content, gene polymorphisms, structural chromosomal variations and surface molecule repertoires. This study improves the annotation of the Giardia genomes and enables the identification of functionally important variation.
The genome of the eukaryotic protist Giardia lamblia, an important human intestinal parasite, is compact in structure and content, contains few introns or mitochondrial relics, and has simplified machinery for DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, and most metabolic pathways. Protein kinases comprise the single largest protein class and reflect Giardia's requirement for a complex signal transduction network for coordinating differentiation. Lateral gene transfer from bacterial and archaeal donors has shaped Giardia's genome, and previously unknown gene families, for example, cysteine-rich structural proteins, have been discovered. Unexpectedly, the genome shows little evidence of heterozygosity, supporting recent speculations that this organism is sexual. This genome sequence will not only be valuable for investigating the evolution of eukaryotes, but will also be applied to the search for new therapeutics for this parasite.
