(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Viridiplantae: NE > Streptophyta: NE > Streptophytina: NE > Embryophyta: NE > Tracheophyta: NE > Euphyllophyta: NE > Spermatophyta: NE > Magnoliophyta: NE > Mesangiospermae: NE > eudicotyledons: NE > Gunneridae: NE > Pentapetalae: NE > asterids: NE > lamiids: NE > Solanales: NE > Solanaceae: NE > Solanoideae: NE > Solaneae: NE > Solanum: NE > Lycopersicon: NE > Solanum lycopersicum: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MVKIGEGIEVRDELIKKTCNLTMEAHNLSPGKPYIYKKINGSTDVVFAFA GTLSSDGWYSNTSFGEKEINTTLFPSLRSVGTDEVAKVNEVFATRFEEIL DKSSLKNEVEKAMLEGRQVVFAGHSSGGAIAILAALWCLECCRTRPNGDM LLHPYCMTFGSPLVGNKIWSHALRRENWARYFLHFVMKYDVVPRMMLAPL SSIQELLQVISPFINPKSQYYQHEAVARSSHASNFFMTVMRSASSVASYD ACNLKGCTNLLLETVSNIVQLSPYRPFGTYIFCTGNRKLVVVENPDAVLQ LLFYSSQLSSEAEAAVVVPRSLNDHLLYKNEMQDSLEMQDVLHLNNLTDI PLSSNVDPSMNSALNDLGLSTRARLCLRAAGEWEKQKKKNEEKIEQNKRS IRDALSKIQEYQTKCDIRKVGYYDAFKIQNTDDDFNANVRRLELAGIWDE IIEMLKRYELPDSFEGRRDWIELGTQFRRQVEPLDIANYYRHLKNEDTGP YLIRARPKRYRFTQRWLEHFDRVQAGARSESCFWAEVEELRNKPFAQVQD RVLNLETAANGWIQSSLLGDDIFFPESTYTKWWKTLPPQHKQASWVSRKI TP
References
Title: The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution Sato S, Tomato Genome Consortium Ref: Nature, 485:635, 2012 : PubMed
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium, and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nucleotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.
In tobacco and other Solanaceae species, the tobacco N gene confers resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and leads to induction of standard defense and resistance responses. Here, we report the use of N-transgenic tomato to identify a fast-neutron mutant, sun1-1 (suppressor of N), that is defective in N-mediated resistance. Induction of salicylic acid (SA) and expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, each signatures of systemic acquired resistance, are both dramatically suppressed in sun1-1 plants after TMV treatment compared to wild-type plants. Application of exogenous SA restores PR gene expression, indicating that SUN1 acts upstream of SA. Upon challenge with additional pathogens, we found that the sun1-1 mutation impairs resistance mediated by certain resistance (R) genes, (Bs4, I, and Ve), but not others (Mi-1). In addition, sun1-1 plants exhibit enhanced susceptibility to TMV, as well as to virulent pathogens. sun1-1 has been identified as an EDS1 homolog present on chromosome 6 of tomato. The discovery of enhanced susceptibility in the sun1-1 (Le_eds1-1) mutant plant, which contrasts to reports in Nicotiana benthamiana using virus-induced gene silencing, provides evidence that the intersection of R gene-mediated pathways with general resistance pathways is conserved in a Solanaceous species. In tomato, EDS1 is important for mediating resistance to a broad range of pathogens (viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens), yet shows specificity in the class of R genes that it affects (TIR-NBS-LRR as opposed to CC-NBS-LRR). In addition, a requirement for EDS1 for Ve-mediated resistance in tomato exposes that the receptor-like R gene class may also require EDS1.
