(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Fungi: NE > Dikarya: NE > Basidiomycota: NE > Agaricomycotina: NE > Agaricomycetes: NE > Agaricomycetidae: NE > Agaricales: NE > Pleurotaceae: NE > Pleurotus: NE > Pleurotus ostreatus: NE > Pleurotus ostreatus PC15: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MVQTPLLALPLVSWLAGPQIQLGNTTLYGRNLSDSGLEFYGGIPYAEPPL GDLRLRPPVPKALDVPSFDASDFGLMCYQRDLPAEVMSEDCLTINVLRPA GISSDASLPVMAWVHGGGFDQGSASEYNGTAIVAQSVARGTPVIYVNFNY RLGPLGFPQGREAAEKRALNVGLRDMVLALNWIQDNIGVFGGDKAKVTVF GESAGAIALGTLMLGDTLDGLARAAIFQSGSAASTISVDTLDREADWHHF VTAIPACSMTAWTRDTFSCIRAADTSSLLPAVVAPLALSKQIFPWDNTID GPGGFLPDLPSRLWERGLFAKIPFISGNNLDEGTLLTHPWVNSTEMLRET LIANYTPALMGERALNESVERLLELYPDVPALGSPFRTGNETFGLSSHFK RGCAILGDTIFHAQRRKFSAVANRFGVKNWGYLFSDPPTTGPAFQGVAHL AELPYIFGTIDTPSYAKELSSLMIDYWVSFATSLDPNDGKGLRRPVWPEL TRRNQVLIEFIGNNTGVIPDNYRAEQIDFIMGNLPVFQAR
The analysis of Pleurotus ostreatus genome reveals the presence of automatically annotated 53 lipase and 34 carboxylesterase putative coding-genes. Since no biochemical or physiological data are available so far, a functional approach was applied to identify lipases from P. ostreatus. In the tested growth conditions, four lipases were found expressed, with different patterns depending on the used C source. Two of the four identified proteins (PleoLip241 and PleoLip369), expressed in both analysed conditions, were chosen for further studies, such as an in silico analysis and their molecular characterization. To overcome limits linked to native production, a recombinant expression approach in the yeast Pichia pastoris was applied. Different expression levels were obtained: PleoLip241 reached a maximum activity of 4000 U/L, whereas PleoLip369 reached a maximum activity of 700 U/L. Despite their sequence similarity, these enzymes exhibited different substrate specificity and diverse stability at pH, temperature, and presence of metals, detergents and organic solvents. The obtained data allowed classifying PleoLip241 as belonging to the "true lipase" family. Indeed, by phylogenetic analysis the two proteins fall in different clusters. PleoLip241 was used to remove the hydrophobic layer from wool surface in order to improve its dyeability. The encouraging results obtained with lipase treated wool led to forecast PleoLip241 applicability in this field.
Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) make up 32% of the described fungi and include most wood-decaying species, as well as pathogens and mutualistic symbionts. Wood-decaying basidiomycetes have typically been classified as either white rot or brown rot, based on the ability (in white rot only) to degrade lignin along with cellulose and hemicellulose. Prior genomic comparisons suggested that the two decay modes can be distinguished based on the presence or absence of ligninolytic class II peroxidases (PODs), as well as the abundance of enzymes acting directly on crystalline cellulose (reduced in brown rot). To assess the generality of the white-rot/brown-rot classification paradigm, we compared the genomes of 33 basidiomycetes, including four newly sequenced wood decayers, and performed phylogenetically informed principal-components analysis (PCA) of a broad range of gene families encoding plant biomass-degrading enzymes. The newly sequenced Botryobasidium botryosum and Jaapia argillacea genomes lack PODs but possess diverse enzymes acting on crystalline cellulose, and they group close to the model white-rot species Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the PCA. Furthermore, laboratory assays showed that both B. botryosum and J. argillacea can degrade all polymeric components of woody plant cell walls, a characteristic of white rot. We also found expansions in reducing polyketide synthase genes specific to the brown-rot fungi. Our results suggest a continuum rather than a dichotomy between the white-rot and brown-rot modes of wood decay. A more nuanced categorization of rot types is needed, based on an improved understanding of the genomics and biochemistry of wood decay.
