(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Metazoa: NE > Eumetazoa: NE > Bilateria: NE > Deuterostomia: NE > Chordata: NE > Craniata: NE > Vertebrata: NE > Gnathostomata: NE > Teleostomi: NE > Euteleostomi: NE > Sarcopterygii: NE > Dipnotetrapodomorpha: NE > Tetrapoda: NE > Amniota: NE > Sauropsida: NE > Sauria: NE > Archelosauria: NE > Archosauria: NE > Dinosauria: NE > Saurischia: NE > Theropoda: NE > Coelurosauria: NE > Aves: NE > Neognathae: NE > Passeriformes: NE > Passeroidea: NE > Estrildidae: NE > Estrildinae: NE > Taeniopygia: NE > Taeniopygia guttata: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA EPEAETKYGRVRGYPFTVDTAERTVNVFLGLPFAKPPLGSLRFSEPQPPE PWEGVRDATSYPPMCLQDQVQGQYFSDMITNRKEKVPLRVSEDCLYLNVY TPVSTGKQEKLPVLVWIHGGGLLVGAASSYDGSAMAAFDNVVVVTIQYRL GIAGYFSTGDEHARGNWGYLDQVAALRWIQENIMHFGGDPGSVTIFGESA GGISVSALVLSPLAKGLFHKAISESGTAARGLFTDQPKEDAQKIAAASGC EKSSSAAMVECLRGKTEEELLQITLKMDFFFISACVDGAFFPKSPKELLS EKSMNEVPYIIGVNNCEFGWVIPMMMKYPPFVDGLDKDVARQILQSNLAK LNKGLTSEVVDRVYQEYMGHAESPAQVRDGLLDAMGDVYFVISAVEVARY HRDAGNPVYFYEFQHRPSSVEGVVPEFVKADHGAEIAFVFGKPFLAGGAT KEEGKLSRTVMRYWTNFAKNGNPNGEGLVHWPLYDLEEKYLGIDLEQKAA EKLKEHRMQFWQQLMKQSQTGRIKHTDL
The zebra finch is an important model organism in several fields with unique relevance to human neuroscience. Like other songbirds, the zebra finch communicates through learned vocalizations, an ability otherwise documented only in humans and a few other animals and lacking in the chicken-the only bird with a sequenced genome until now. Here we present a structural, functional and comparative analysis of the genome sequence of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), which is a songbird belonging to the large avian order Passeriformes. We find that the overall structures of the genomes are similar in zebra finch and chicken, but they differ in many intrachromosomal rearrangements, lineage-specific gene family expansions, the number of long-terminal-repeat-based retrotransposons, and mechanisms of sex chromosome dosage compensation. We show that song behaviour engages gene regulatory networks in the zebra finch brain, altering the expression of long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, transcription factors and their targets. We also show evidence for rapid molecular evolution in the songbird lineage of genes that are regulated during song experience. These results indicate an active involvement of the genome in neural processes underlying vocal communication and identify potential genetic substrates for the evolution and regulation of this behaviour.