The small-molecule, water-soluble molecular beacon probe 1 is hydrolyzed by the lysate and living cells of human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP), resulting in strong green fluorescence. In contrast, probe 1 does not undergo significant hydrolysis in either the lysate or living cells of human nontumorigenic prostate cells (RWPE-1). These results, corroborated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescent microscopy, reveal that probe 1 is a sensitive and specific fluorogenic and chromogenic sensor for the detection of human prostate cancer cells among nontumorigenic prostate cells and that carboxylesterase activity is a specific biomarker for human prostate cancer cells.
        
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Jiang YL, McGoldrick CA, Yin D, Zhao J, Patel V, Brannon MF, Lightner JW, Krishnan K, Stone WL (2012) A specific molecular beacon probe for the detection of human prostate cancer cells Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Lett22: 3632-8