Paper Report for: Khalili_2018_Int.Immunopharmacol_61_355
Reference
Title: Trigonelline mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory impairment in the rat due to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect Khalili M, Alavi M, Esmaeil-Jamaat E, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M Ref: Int Immunopharmacol, 61:355, 2018 : PubMed
Brain inflammation is associated with cognitive dysfunction, especially in elderly. Trigonelline is a plant alkaloid and a major component of coffee and fenugreek with anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In this study, the beneficial effect of trigonelline against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive decline was assessed in the rat. LPS was injected i.p. at a dose of 500mug/kg to induce neuroinflammation and trigonelline was administered p.o. at doses of 20, 40, or 80mg/kg/day 1h after LPS that continued for one week. Trigonelline-treated LPS-challenged rats showed improved spatial recognition memory in Y maze, discrimination ratio in novel object discrimination test, and retention and recall in passive avoidance paradigm. Additionally, trigonelline lowered hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and improved superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, trigonelline depressed hippocampal nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in LPS-challenged rats. All of the effects of trigonelline followed a dose-dependent pattern and in some aspects, it acted even better than the routinely-used anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. Collectively, trigonelline is capable to diminish LPS-induced cognitive decline via suppression of hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation and appropriate modulation of NF-kappaB/TLR4 and AChE activity.
        
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Khalili M, Alavi M, Esmaeil-Jamaat E, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M (2018) Trigonelline mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory impairment in the rat due to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect Int Immunopharmacol61: 355-362
Khalili M, Alavi M, Esmaeil-Jamaat E, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M (2018) Int Immunopharmacol61: 355-362