Post-treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning involves the application of oxime reactivator as an antidote. Structurally different oximes are widely studied to examine their kinetic and mechanistic behavior against OP-inhibited cholinesterase enzyme. A series of structurally related 1,3-disubstituted-2-[(hydroxyiminomethyl)alkyl]imidazolium halides (5a-5e, 9a-9c) were synthesized and further evaluated for their in-vitro reactivation ability to reactivate sarin- and VX- inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE). The observed results were compared with the reactivation efficacy of standard reactivators; 2-PAM and obidoxime. Amongst the synthesized oximes, 5a, 9a and 9b were found to be most potent reactivators against sarin-inhibited hAChE while in case of VX only 9a exhibited comparable reactivity with 2-PAM. Incorporation of pyridinium ring to the imidazole ring resulted in substantial increase in the reactivation strength of prepared reactivator. Physicochemical properties of synthesized reactivators have also been evaluated.
        
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Sharma R, Gupta B, Sahu AK, Acharya J, Satnami ML, Ghosh KK (2016) Synthesis and in-vitro reactivation screening of imidazolium aldoximes as reactivators of sarin and VX-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) Chemico-Biological Interactions259: 85-92