| Title : Acaricidal, larvacidal, and repellent activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against Hyalomma dromedarii - Majeed_2023_Trop.Biomed_40_356 |
| Author(s) : Majeed QAH , Gattan H , Al-Ahmadi BM , Shater AF , Alanazi AD , Alazemi MSH |
| Ref : Trop Biomed , 40 :356 , 2023 |
| Abstract : We aimed at determination of acaricidal, larvacidal, and repellent activities of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (SNP) against Hyalomma dromedarii as one of the most common ticks in camels. SNP were green synthesized by reducing Lupinus albus extract through the precipitation technique. The acaricidal, larvicidal, and repellent activity of SNP against H. dromedarii was studied through the adult immersion test (AIT), the larval packet test (LPT), the vertical movement behavior of tick's larvae method, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and oxidative enzyme activity. The green synthesized SNP displayed a spherical form with a size ranging from 25-90 nm; whereas the most distribution of particles size was reported at 50-65 nm. SNP dose-dependently (p<0.001) increased the mortality rate of H. dromedarii adult; whereas at 16 and 32 microg/mL completely killed the adult females. Treatment of exposure of H. dromedarii adult to SNP markedly (p<0.001) declined the mean number, weight, and hatchability of eggs. Treatment of H. dromedarii larvae with SNP reduced the viability rate of larvae with the LC(50) and LC(90) values of 3.1 and 6.9 microg/mL, respectively. Exposure of H. dromedarii larvae to SNP, especially at 1/2 LC50 and LC50, markedly (p<0.001) increased the oxidative stress and declined the level of antioxidant enzymes in H. dromedarii larvae; whereas, markedly suppressed the AChE activity of the larvae stage of H. dromedarii in comparison to the control group. These results showed that SNP green synthesized by L. albus extract had promising acaricidal, larvicidal and repellent activity against H. dromedarii adults and larvae as a dose-dependent response. SNP also considrably decreased the level of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activity and also provokes oxidative stress in H. dromedarii larvae. However, more investigation must be designed to clear the accurate mechanisms and the efficacy of SNP in practical use. |
| ESTHER : Majeed_2023_Trop.Biomed_40_356 |
| PubMedSearch : Majeed_2023_Trop.Biomed_40_356 |
| PubMedID: 37897170 |
| Title : Acaricidal, Larvacidal, and Repellent Activity of Elettaria cardamomum Essential Oil against Hyalomma anatolicum Ticks Infesting Saudi Arabian Cattle - Alanazi_2022_Plants.(Basel)_11_ |
| Author(s) : Alanazi AD , Ben Said M , Shater AF , Al-Sabi MNS |
| Ref : Plants (Basel) , 11 : , 2022 |
| Abstract : BACKGROUND: In this experimental study, we aimed to assess the acaricidal effects of Elettaria cardamomum L. essential oil (ECEO) against Hyalomma anatolicum tick in cattle from Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to identify the chemical composition of ECEO. The acaricidal, larvicidal, and repellent activity of ECEO against H. anatolicum was studied through the adult immersion test (AIT), the larval packet test (LPT), the vertical movement behavior of tick's larvae technique, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and oxidative enzyme activity. RESULTS: By GC/MS, the most compounds were 1,8-cineole (34.3%), alpha-terpinyl acetate (23.3%), and alpha-pinene (17.7%), respectively. ECEO significantly (p < 0.001) increased the mortality rate as a dose-dependent response. After ECEO Treatment, number of eggs, egg weight, and hatchability significantly declined as a dose-dependent response. ECEO at concentrations of 5 microL/mL and above completely killed the larva. The LC(50) and LC(90) values for ECEO were 1.46 and 2.68 microL/mL, respectively. ECEO at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 microL/mL showed 100% repellency activity up to 60, 120, and 360 min incubation, respectively. ECEO, especially at 1/2 LC(50) and LC(50,) significantly inhibited GST and AChE activities of H. anatolicum larvae compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: We found promising adulticidal, larvicidal, and repellent effects of ECEO against H. anatolicum as a vector of theileriosis in Saudi Arabia. We also found that ECEO displayed these activities through inhibiting AChE and GST. Nevertheless, additional investigations are required to confirm the accurate mechanisms and the relevance of ECEO in practical application. |
| ESTHER : Alanazi_2022_Plants.(Basel)_11_ |
| PubMedSearch : Alanazi_2022_Plants.(Basel)_11_ |
| PubMedID: 35567222 |