| Title : Marrubium vulgare Extract Improves Spatial Working Memory and Oxidative Stress Damage in Scopolamine-Treated Rats - Lazarova_2024_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| Author(s) : Lazarova MI , Tsvetanova ER , Georgieva AP , Stefanova MO , Uzunova DN , Denev PN , Tasheva KN |
| Ref : J Alzheimers Dis , : , 2024 |
| Abstract : BACKGROUND: The cholinergic neuronal loss in the basal forebrain and increasing brain oxidative stress are one of the main features of the brain suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Marrubium vulgare (M. vulgare), commonly known as 'white horehound,' possesses a variety of valuable properties, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Moreover, it possesses neuromodulatory properties that could potentially impact short-term memory functions. OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the preventive effects of water M. vulgare extract on working memory, cholinergic neurotransmission, and oxidative stress in rats with scopolamine (Sco)-induced dementia. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (200-250g) were divided into four experimental groups. The plant extract was administered orally for 21 days, and Sco (2mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 11 consecutive days. The behavioral performance of the animals was evaluated by the T-maze test. The effect of the extract on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and antioxidant status in cortex and hippocampus were also monitored. RESULTS: Our experimental data revealed that treatment with M. vulgare significantly increased the percentage of correct choices of rats with Sco-induced dementia in the T maze test (by 38%, p<0.05). Additionally, it reduced AChE activity in the hippocampus (by 20%, p<0.05) and alleviated oxidative stress induced by Sco, particularly in the cortex. CONCLUSIONS: M. vulgare water extract demonstrated working memory preserving effect in rats with Sco-induced dementia, AChE inhibitory activity and in vivo antioxidant potential, and deserve further attention. |
| ESTHER : Lazarova_2024_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| PubMedSearch : Lazarova_2024_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| PubMedID: 38489175 |
| Title : Effects of Sideritis scardica Extract on Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment in Mice - Lazarova_2023_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| Author(s) : Lazarova MI , Tancheva LP , Tasheva KN , Denev PN , Uzunova DN , Stefanova MO , Tsvetanova ER , Georgieva AP , Kalfin RE |
| Ref : J Alzheimers Dis , : , 2023 |
| Abstract : BACKGROUND: The neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease, one of the most common types of dementia worldwide, mostly affects the cholinergic neurotransmitter system and, to a lesser extent, the monoaminergic one. The antioxidant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and triple monoamine reuptake inhibitory activity of Sideritis scardica (S. scardica) and other Sideritis species has already been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of S. scardica water extracts on the learning and memory processes, anxiety-like behavior, and locomotor activities in scopolamine (Sco)-induced dementia in mice. METHODS: Male Albino IRC mice were used. The plant extract was administered for 11 consecutive days in the presence or absence of Sco (1mg/kg, i.p). The behavioural performance of the animals was evaluated by passive avoidance, T-maze, and hole-board tests. The effects of extract on AChE activity, brain noradrenalin (NA), and serotonin (Sero) content, and antioxidant status were also monitored. RESULTS: Our experimental data revealed that the S. scardica water extract caused a reduction in degree of memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviour in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia. The extract did not affect changed by the Sco AChE activity but impact reduced brain NA and Sero levels and demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity. In healthy mice we did not confirm the presence of anxiolytic-like and AChE inhibitory effects of the S. scardica water extract. The extract did not change the control Sero brain levels and reduce those of NA. CONCLUSION: S. scardica water extract demonstrated memory preserving effect in mice with scopolamine-induced dementia and deserve further attention. |
| ESTHER : Lazarova_2023_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| PubMedSearch : Lazarova_2023_J.Alzheimers.Dis__ |
| PubMedID: 36872784 |
| Title : New Galantamine Derivatives with Inhibitory Effect on Acetylcholinesterase Activity - Lazarova_2021_J.Alzheimers.Dis__2 |
| Author(s) : Lazarova MI , Tsekova DS , Tancheva LP , Kirilov KT , Uzunova DN , Vezenkov LT , Tsvetanova ER , Alexandrova AV , Georgieva AP , Gavrilova PT , Dragomanova ST , Papazova MG , Handzhiyski YS , Kalfin RE |
| Ref : J Alzheimers Dis , : , 2021 |
| Abstract : BACKGROUND: Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are used to treat many disorders, among which are neurodegenerative upsets, like Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the limited licensed AChE inhibitors (AChEIs) used as drugs is the natural compound galantamine (Gal). OBJECTIVE: As Gal is a toxic compound, here we expose data about its four derivatives in hybrid peptide-norgalantamine molecules, which have shown 100 times lower toxicity. METHODS: Four newly synthesized galantamine derivatives have been involved in docking analysis made by Molegro Virtual Docker. Biological assessments were performed on ICR male mice. The change in short and long-term memory performance was evaluated by passive avoidance test. AChE activity and levels of main oxidative stress parameters: lipid peroxidation, total glutathione (GSH), enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were measured in brain homogenates. RESULTS: Our experimental data revealed that the new hybrid molecules did not impair memory performance in healthy mice. Two of the compounds demonstrated better than Gal AChE inhibitory activity in the brain. None of them changed the level of lipid peroxidation products, one of the compounds increased GSH levels, and all of them increased CAT enzyme activity. CONCLUSION: The new galantamine-peptide hybrids demonstrated a potential for inhibition of AChE and antioxidant activity and deserve further attention. |
| ESTHER : Lazarova_2021_J.Alzheimers.Dis__2 |
| PubMedSearch : Lazarova_2021_J.Alzheimers.Dis__2 |
| PubMedID: 34420968 |