Gene_locus Report for: mycpa-lipT

Other strains: Mycobacterium paratuberculosis MAP4; Mycobacteriumtuberculosis XTB13-223; Mycobacterium avium (104; 10-5581; 09-5983; 11-0986; MAV_120809_2495; MAV_061107_1842; MAV_120709_2344; subsp. hominissuis (10-4249; A5; 3388; 101; 100; 10-5606); subsp. paratuberculosis (S397; TH135; 10-4404; 10-5864; 08-8281; 10-5975; 11-1786; 10-8425); subsp. silvaticum ATCC 49884; subsp. avium (10-9275; 2285 (S); 2285 (R))); Mycobacterium bouchedurhonense strain 104

(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.)
> cellular organisms: N E > Bacteria: N E > Terrabacteria group: N E > Actinobacteria [phylum]: N E > Actinobacteria [class]: N E > Corynebacteriales: N E > Mycobacteriaceae: N E > Mycobacterium: N E > Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC): N E > Mycobacterium avium: N E > Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: N E

Title: Comparative genome analysis of Mycobacterium avium revealed genetic diversity in strains that cause pulmonary and disseminated disease
Uchiya K, Takahashi H, Yagi T, Moriyama M, Inagaki T, Ichikawa K, Nakagawa T, Nikai T, Ogawa K
Ref: PLoS ONE, 8:e71831, 2013 : PubMed
Abstract


ESTHER: Uchiya_2013_PLoS.ONE_8_e71831
PubMedSearch: Uchiya 2013 PLoS.ONE 8 e71831
PubMedID: 23990995
Gene_locus related to this paper: mycav-DHMA, mycav-Q73T09, mycpa-lipT, mycpa-MAP2689c, mycav-t2gun3

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection causes disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, and pulmonary disease in persons without systemic immunosuppression, which has been increasing in many countries. In Japan, the incidence of pulmonary MAC disease caused by M. avium is about 7 times higher than that caused by M. intracellulare. To explore the bacterial factors that affect the pathological state of MAC disease caused by M. avium, we determined the complete genome sequence of the previously unreported M. avium subsp. hominissuis strain TH135 isolated from a HIV-negative patient with pulmonary MAC disease and compared it with the known genomic sequence of M. avium strain 104 derived from an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient with MAC disease. The genome of strain TH135 consists of a 4,951,217-bp circular chromosome with 4,636 coding sequences. Comparative analysis revealed that 4,012 genes are shared between the two strains, and strains TH135 and 104 have 624 and 1,108 unique genes, respectively. Many strain-specific regions including virulence-associated genes were found in genomes of both strains, and except for some regions, the G+C content in the specific regions was low compared with the mean G+C content of the corresponding chromosome. Screening of clinical isolates for genes located in the strain-specific regions revealed that the detection rates of strain TH135-specific genes were relatively high in specimens isolated from pulmonary MAC disease patients, while, those of strain 104-specific genes were relatively high in those from HIV-positive patients. Collectively, M. avium strains that cause pulmonary and disseminated disease possess genetically distinct features, and it suggests that the acquisition of specific genes during strain evolution has played an important role in the pathological manifestations of MAC disease.



        

Title: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms
Turenne CY, Collins DM, Alexander DC, Behr MA
Ref: Journal of Bacteriology, 190:2479, 2008 : PubMed
Abstract


ESTHER: Turenne_2008_J.Bacteriol_190_2479
PubMedSearch: Turenne 2008 J.Bacteriol 190 2479
PubMedID: 18245284
Gene_locus related to this paper: mycpa-lipT, mycpa-MAP2689c

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium comprises organisms that share the same species designation despite considerable genomic and phenotypic variability. To determine the degree and nature of variability between subspecies and strains of M. avium, we used multilocus sequencing analysis, studying 56 genetically diverse strains of M. avium that included all described subspecies. In total, 8,064 bp of sequence from 10 gene loci were studied, with 205 (2.5%) representing variable positions. The majority (149/205) of these variations were found among M. avium subsp. hominissuis organisms. Recombination was also evident in this subspecies. In contrast, there was comparatively little variability and no evidence of recombination within the pathogenic subspecies, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. avium subsp. avium, and M. avium subsp. silvaticum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. silvaticum strains clustered together on one branch, while a distinct branch defined M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis organisms. Despite the independent origin of these pathogenic subspecies, an analysis of their rates of nonsynonymous (dN) to synonymous (dS) substitutions showed increased dN/dS ratios for both: 0.67 for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and 0.50 for M. avium subsp. avium/M. avium subsp. silvaticum, while the value was 0.08 for M. avium subsp. hominissuis organisms. In conclusion, M. avium subsp. hominissuis represents a diverse group of organisms from which two pathogenic clones (M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium/M. avium subsp. silvaticum) have evolved independently.