Akincioglu_2020_Mini.Rev.Med.Chem_20_703

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the cognitive or memory related impairment occurring with advancing age. Since its exact mechanism is not known, the full therapy has not still been found. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been reported to be a viable therapeutic target for the treatments of AD and other dementias. To this end, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are commonly used. AChE is a member of the hydrolase enzyme family. A hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. AChE is useful for the development of novel and mechanism based inhibitors. It has role in the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter. Namely, AChE has an important role in acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission. AChEIs are the most valuable approaches to treat AD. AChE hydrolyses of ACh to acetate and choline as an important neurotransmitter substance. Recently, Gulcin and his group continue to work for new AChEIs. The most suggested mechanism for AD is the deficiency of ACh, which is an important neurotransmitter. In this regard, AChEIs are commonly used for symptomatic treatment of AD. They can act in different ways such as by inhibiting AChE, protecting cells from free radical toxicity and beta-amyloid-induced injury or inhibiting the release of cytokines from microglia and monocytes. This review focuses on the role of AChEIs in AD using the commonly available drugs. Also, the aim of this review includes research and discussion of the role of the AChEIs in AD using the commonly available drugs Therefore, in our review; we focused related topics like AD and AChEIs. Also we have compiled the latest work related to AChEIs. In recent researches, novel natural and synthetic AChEIs used for AD are quite noteworthy. These studies could be very promising in detecting for potent drugs against AD.