Balaei_2025_Int.J.Biol.Macromol_313_144281

Lipases, catalyzing triglyceride hydrolysis, have emerged as versatile biocatalysts for aroma compound synthesis. Aroma compounds, valued for their pleasant scents, have traditional extraction limitations like environmental challenges, low yield and high costs. Lipase-mediated biosynthesis, specially immobilized ones, offers a sustainable and green alternative. Immobilized lipases catalyze transesterification and esterification reactions to produce these compounds with improving enzyme stability, reusability, and overall better catalytic efficiency, making them an appropriate approach for industrial applications. Based on our knowledge, for the first time immobilized lipases for producing benzyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, and ethyl valerate were focused in this review. It also emphasizes how nanotechnology-based supports such as silica, magnetic nanoparticles, and smart polymers improve enzyme stability, reusability, and efficiency. By exploring various immobilization techniques and materials, the review shows how these advances make enzyme use more practical and sustainable for industrial applications. Various immobilized lipases, substrates, and reaction conditions for optimizing these aroma compounds synthesis was discussed.