Durmaz_2022_Molecules_27_3091

Coumestrol (3,9-dihydroxy-6-benzofuran [3,2-c] chromenone) as a phytoestrogen and polyphenolic compound is a member of the Coumestans family and is quite common in plants. In this study, antiglaucoma, antidiabetic, anticholinergic, and antioxidant effects of Coumestrol were evaluated and compared with standards. To determine the antioxidant activity of coumestrol, several methods-namely N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride radical (DMPD(+))-scavenging activity, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical (ABTS(+))-scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH())-scavenging activity, potassium ferric cyanide reduction ability, and cupric ion (Cu(2+))-reducing activity-were performed. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, alpha-Tocopherol, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were used as the reference antioxidants for comparison. Coumestrol scavenged the DPPH radical with an IC(50) value of 25.95 microg/mL (r(2): 0.9005) while BHA, BHT, Trolox, and alpha-Tocopherol demonstrated IC(50) values of 10.10, 25.95, 7.059, and 11.31 microg/mL, respectively. When these results evaluated, Coumestrol had similar DPPH()-scavenging effect to BHT and lower better than Trolox, BHA and alpha-tocopherol. In addition, the inhibition effects of Coumestrol were tested against the metabolic enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and alpha-glycosidase, which are associated with some global diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), glaucoma, and diabetes. Coumestrol exhibited K(i) values of 10.25 +/- 1.94, 5.99 +/- 1.79, 25.41 +/- 1.10, and 30.56 +/- 3.36 nM towards these enzymes, respectively.