Ersoy_2024_Chem.Biodivers__e202401853

This study provides the first comprehensive report on the chemical constituents and biological activities of an important medicinal plant, Astragalus brachystachys DC. The aerial part samples were collected from Adana, Trkiye, and an ethanol extract was prepared with these parts. The secondary metabolites of the extract were determined by an LC-HRMS analysis. The LC-HRMS analysis showed the presence of 39 different constituents, hyperoside (303.419+/-10.50 microg/g extract), p-coumaric acid (256.975+/-8.51 microg/g extract), and rutin (72.684+/-2.23 microg/g extract) were determined as major compounds in the aerial parts ethanol extract. Attributed to its high total phenolic (58.53+/-1.30 microg PEs/mg extract) and total flavonoid content (29.98+/-0.83 microg QEs/mg extract), the extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity according to three different assays namely DPPH free (IC50: 33.08+/-0.61 mg/mL), and ABTS cation radical scavenging (IC50: 15.39+/-0.72 mg/mL) and CUPRAC activity (A0.5: 36.25+/-0.28 mg/mL) methods. In vitro assays showed that cholinesterase inhibitory activity results were found to be exceptional with 85.95+/-0.52 % inhibition on acetylcholinesterase and 66.32+/-1.33 % inhibition on butyrylcholinesterase at 200 mg/mL. Regarding antimicrobial properties, Astragalus brachystachys DC extract was found to be effective against Enterococcus faecalis with a MIC value of 39.06 microg/mL.