Kucera_2016_Ceska.Slov.Farm_65_52

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) represent a small family of enzymes called cholinesterases. These enzymes are in the organisms either soluble or anchored through anchoring proteins collagen Q (ColQ) and proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA). Knowledge of molecular biology and genetics of cholinesterase and their anchoring proteins resulted in the preparation of mutant mice with the absence of different molecular forms of cholinesterases. So far a number of mutant mice were prepared with a genetic modification on the genes encoding cholinesterases or anchoring proteins. The mice with mutation in the genes encoding the cholinesterases are: the mice with the absence of AChE, mice with the absence of BChE, mice with a deletion of exon 5 and 6 in the AChE gene and mice with the absence of AChE in muscles. The mice with a mutation in the genes encoding anchoring proteins include the mice with the absence of AChE and BChE anchored by ColQ and mice with the absence of AChE and BChE anchored by PRiMA. The study of adaptation changes results from the absence of cholinesterases led to the enrichment of existing knowledge about cholinesterases and the cholinergic nervous system. KEY WORDS: absence of cholinesterases mutant mice acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase.