Li_2025_Food.Chem_488_144925

As a typical chiral organophosphate insecticide, the enantiomer of profenofos exhibits significant bioselective toxicity in the environment. This study investigates the enantioselective effects of chiral profenofos and 2-Bromo-4-chlorophenol on BSA. Multispectral analysis confirmed that S/R-profenofos and 2-Bromo-4-chlorophenol alterd the microenvironment of BSA, decreasing the alpha-helices content from 53.6 % to 52.9 %, 53.0 %, and 52.8 %. The binding constants K(a) for the interaction of S/R-profenofos and 2-Bromo-4-chlorophenol with BSA were 4.70, 4.66 and 4.23 x 10(4) M(-1), respectively. The LC(50) of S/R-profenofos and 2-Bromo-4-chlorophenol for zebrafish were about 0.670, 0.739 and 0.954 mg/L, while the acetylcholinesterase inhibition rate were 86.64 %, 81.21 % and 73.64 %, respectively. The toxicity levels follows the pattern of S-profenofos>R-profenofos>2-Bromo-4-chlorophenol, which was also confirmed by the molecular docking and cell experiments. This study evaluated the interaction mechanism between chiral pesticides and model proteins at the molecular level, providing a new perspective on the food safety risk of chiral pesticides.