Markowicz-Piasecka_2018_J.Enzyme.Inhib.Med.Chem_33_1309

The aim of this study was to assess in vitro the effects of sulphenamide and sulphonamide derivatives of metformin on the activity of human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), establish the type of inhibition, and assess the potential synergism between biguanides and donepezil towards both cholinesterases (ChEs) and the effects on the beta-amyloid aggregation. Sulphonamide 5 with para-trifluoromethyl- and ortho-nitro substituents in aromatic ring inhibited AChE in a mixed-type manner at micromolar concentrations (IC50 = 212.5 +/- 48.3 micromol/L). The binary mixtures of donepezil and biguanides produce an anti-AChE effect, which was greater than either compound had alone. A combination of donepezil and sulphonamide 5 improved the IC50 value by 170 times. Compound 5 at 200 micromol/L inhibited Abeta aggregation by approximately 20%. In conclusion, para-trifluoromethyl-ortho-nitro-benzenesulphonamide presents highly beneficial anti-AChE and anti-Abeta aggregation properties which could serve as a promising starting point for the design and development of novel biguanide-based candidates for AD treatment.