Raveh_2014_Toxicology_325C_115

Reference

Title : Caramiphen edisylate: An optimal antidote against organophosphate poisoning - Raveh_2014_Toxicology_325C_115
Author(s) : Raveh L , Eisenkraft A , Weissman BA
Ref : Toxicology , 325C :115 , 2014
Abstract :

Potent cholinesterase inhibitors such as sarin, induce an array of harmful effects including hypersecretion, convulsions and ultimately death. Surviving subjects demonstrate damage in specific brain regions that lead to cognitive and neurological dysfunctions. An early accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic clefts was suggested as the trigger of a sequence of neurochemical events such as an excessive outpour of glutamate and activation of its receptors. Indeed, alterations in NMDA and AMPA central receptors' densities were detected in brains of poisoned animals. Attempts to improve the current cholinergic-based treatment by adding potent anticonvulsants or antiglutamatergic drugs produced unsatisfactory results. In light of recent events in Syria and the probability of various scenarios of military or terrorist attacks involving organophosphate (OP) nerve agent, research should focus on finding markedly improved countermeasures. Caramiphen, an antimuscarinic drug with antiglutamatergic and GABAergic facilitating properties, was evaluated in a wide range of animals and experimental protocols against OP poisoning. Its remarkable efficacy against OP exposure was established both in prophylactic and post-exposure therapies in both small and large animals. The present review will highlight the outstanding neuroprotective effect of caramiphen as the optimal candidate for the treatment of OP-exposed subjects.

PubMedSearch : Raveh_2014_Toxicology_325C_115
PubMedID: 25201353

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Citations formats

Raveh L, Eisenkraft A, Weissman BA (2014)
Caramiphen edisylate: An optimal antidote against organophosphate poisoning
Toxicology 325C :115

Raveh L, Eisenkraft A, Weissman BA (2014)
Toxicology 325C :115