Soltani_2024_Chem.Biodivers__e202401833

This study aimed to assess the biological activities of Tunisian Simmondsia chinensis and characterize their potential bioactive compounds. Different extracts of S. chinensis were tested for their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti alpha-amylase, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities through in vitro assays. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (976.03 GAE/g extract) compared to the other extracts. Additionally, it demonstrated a substantial anti-acetylcholinesterase activity (PI= 75%) and potent antibacterial property, particularly against Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella enterica. The IC50 values of ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts against alpha-amylase were 42 microg/mL and 40 microg/mL, respectively, indicating potent anti-diabetic effects. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses identified flavonoids and lignans as the major phenolic compounds in the methanolic extract. To better comprehend the mechanisms behind inhibitory effects on alpha-amylase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, a molecular docking study was conducted. Consequently, these findings indicate that S. chinensis is a highly valuable natural resource with potential industrial applications.