Xu_2025_Chem.Biodivers__e02742

This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of triterpenoid compounds from Rosa laevigata Michx. roots against Alzheimer's disease (AD). A total of 62 compounds were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which included 55 triterpenoids and seven flavonoids. Among 15 isolated compounds, compound 13 demonstrated the strongest acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, with an IC(50) of 3.38 micromol/L, and a maximum inhibition rate of 87.20%. Compound 13 exhibited favorable and stable binding with AChE in molecular docking studies, whilst demonstrating mixed-type inhibition in enzyme kinetics. In the H(2)O(2)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model, compound 13 exhibited 84.45% viability at 25 micromol/L, surpassing Trolox's 74.16%. Research indicates that R. laevigata Michx. root triterpenes exert neuroprotective effects through AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity, with compound 13 potentially serving as a multi-target lead compound for treating AD.