Yin_2025_J.Microbiol.Biotechnol_35_e2412009

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present significant health challenges globally, with dysregulated triglyceride levels and impaired endothelial function being key contributors to their pathogenesis. In this study, we explore the potential of marine Microorganism-derived oils rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in addressing these physiological phenomena associated with CVDs. Exploring marine resources for physiologically active compounds intertwines with ecological considerations, highlighting the interconnectedness between human health and the environment. Marine microorganisms, particularly protist Oxyrrhis, are abundant sources of bioactive compounds, including EPA, known for their lipid-lowering effects and vascular benefits. Additionally, marine biodiversity offers a rich reservoir of compounds with potential health-promoting properties. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of EPA- and DHA-containing oils in improving triglyceride levels and enhancing blood circulation. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and nitric oxide (NO) were identified as pivotal players in the mechanism of action, with LPL facilitating neutral fat metabolism and NO regulating vascular tone and function. This study contributes to the growing evidence supporting the use of marine-derived compounds in preventing and managing CVD, emphasizing the ecological importance of marine ecosystems to human health by leveraging the bioactive potential of marine biodiversity sustainably.