(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Metazoa: NE > Eumetazoa: NE > Bilateria: NE > Protostomia: NE > Ecdysozoa: NE > Panarthropoda: NE > Arthropoda: NE > Mandibulata: NE > Pancrustacea: NE > Hexapoda: NE > Insecta: NE > Dicondylia: NE > Pterygota: NE > Neoptera: NE > Holometabola: NE > Diptera: NE > Nematocera: NE > Culicomorpha: NE > Culicoidea: NE > Culicidae: NE > Culicinae: NE > Culicini: NE > Culex [genus]: NE > Culex [subgenus]: NE > Culex pipiens complex: NE > Culex pipiens: NE
ACHE : culpi-ACHE1Culex pipiens acetylcholinesterase (Northern house mosquito) Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito) (Culex pungens)(ache1 gene), culpi-ACHE2Culex pipiens (House mosquito) Culex pipiens pipiens (Northern house mosquito) acetylcholinesterase partial. Carb_B_Arthropoda : culpi-ESTACulex pipiens (House mosquito) Culex pipiens pipiens (Northern house mosquito) Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito) (Culex pungens) Culex pipiens complex sp. Culex pipiens pallens Est-3 (coding esterase A)
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Culex pipiens molestus: N, E.
Culex pipiens pallens: N, E.
Culex pipiens pipiens: N, E.
Culex pipiens complex sp. MW-2012: N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MSLESLTVQTKYGPVRGKRNVSLLGQEYVSFQGIPYARAPEGELRFKAPV PPQKWTETLDCTQQCEPCYHFDRRLQKIVGCEDSLKINVFAKEINPSTPL PVMLYIYGGGFTEGTSGTELYGPDFLVQKDIVLVSFNYRIGALGFLCCQS EQDGVPGNAGLKDQNLAIRWVLENIAAFGGDPKRVTLAGHSAGAASVQYH LISDASKDLFQRRIVMSGSTYSSWSLTRQRNWVEKLAKAIGWDGQGGESG ALRFLRRAKPEDIVAHQEKLLTDQDMQDDIFTPFGPTVEPYLTEQCIIPK APFEMARTAWGDKIDIMIGGTSEEGLLLLQKIKLHPELLSHPHLFLGNVP PNLKISMEKRIEFAAKLKQRYYPDSIPSMENNLGYVHMMSDRVFWHGLHR TILARAARSRARTFVYRICLDSEFYNHYRIMMIDPKLRGTAHADELSYLF SNFTQQVPGKETFEYRGLQTLVDVFSAFVINGDPNCGMTAKGGVVFEPNA QTKPTFKCLNIANDGVAFVDYPDADRLDMWDAMYVNDELF
References
Title: Molecular comparisons of the Culex pipiens (L.) complex esterase gene amplicons Buss DS, Callaghan A Ref: Insect Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 34:433, 2004 : PubMed
The amplification of carboxylesterase genes is a mechanism of organophosphate resistance in Culex mosquitoes. Amplified carboxylesterase genes from an insecticide resistant Culex pipiens strain collected in Cyprus were analysed and compared to other Culex amplified carboxylesterase alleles. A 12 kb section of genomic DNA containing two gene loci coding for carboxylesterase alleles A5 and B5 was cloned and sequenced. A comparison between this amplicon and one from a strain with co-amplified carboxylesterase alleles A2 and B2 revealed a number of differences. The intergenic spacer was 3.7 kb in length in the A5-B5 amplicon (2.7 kb in A2-B2) and contained putative Juan and transposable elements upstream of B5. A fragment of a gene with high homology to aldehyde oxidase was also present immediately downstream of A5. The comparison revealed no differences that would explain the successful spread of the A2-B2 amplicon worldwide whilst the A5-B5 amplicon is restricted to the Mediterranean.
Title: Characterization of amplification core and esterase B1 gene responsible for insecticide resistance in Culex [published erratum appears in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1990 Jun;87(11):4411] Mouches C, Pauplin Y, Agarwal M, Lemieux L, Herzog M, Abadon M, Beyssat-Arnaouty V, Hyrien O, de Saint Vincent BR, Georghiou GP Ref: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 87:2574, 1990 : PubMed
Organophosphorus insecticide (OP) resistance in several Culex species is associated with increased esterase activity resulting from amplification of the corresponding structural gene. In Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, high levels of OP resistance (approximately 800 times) are due to the esterase B1 gene, which is amplified at least 250-fold. This gene has now been sequenced, and the structure of the amplification unit (amplicon) encompassing the structural gene has been partially characterized. The inferred amino acid sequence of the enzyme revealed regions of strong homology with other eukaryotic serine-esterases, such as cholinesterases, which are the target of OPs. The amplicon covers at least 30 kilobases and contains a constant and highly conserved "core" of 25 kilobases. This core carries a single copy of the esterase gene (2.8 kilobases) as well as other sequences that are present as single or low number copies in the genomes of mosquitoes lacking overproduction of the esterase B1 protein. In the amplicon, the esterase gene is framed by two DNA sequences that are repeated in other parts of the genome of resistant mosquitoes and found in the genome of susceptible mosquitoes but not near the esterase B1 gene. It is suggested that these repetitive sequences may have a role in the amplification process.
