Chatterjee_2021_Comp.Biochem.Physiol.C.Toxicol.Pharmacol_250_109164

The present study was aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of a commonly used synthetic pyrethroid, lambda cyhalothrin on the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. The results depicted that 96 h LC(50) value of lambda cyhalothrin to the fish was 1.48 microg l(-1). During 45 days of chronic exposure a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit value of fish was observed in lambda cyhalothrin treated fish. Blood glucose, cholesterol and creatinine levels increased significantly, while total protein and albumin were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the exposed fish. Moreover, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in the blood also increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the treated fish. In gills and liver, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and in liver GST exhibited a significant initial augmentation followed by a subsequent reduction while catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased markedly with incrementing concentrations of lambda cyhalothrin in both the organs. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in both gills and liver decreased in exposed fish upon addition lambda cyhalothrin. However, the hazardous effects of lambda cyhalothrin on C. carpio were characterized and portrayed by the development of integrated biomarker response (IBR), and biomarker response index (BRI). GUTS-SD and IT modeling were implied for a better interpretation of the toxicity. These results indicate that exposure to lambda cyhalothrin alters the survivability at the acute level and the activity of hematological, plasma biochemical as well as enzymological and stress parameters (in gills and liver) at the sublethal level in C. carpio.