Darvesh_2012_J.Neuropathol.Exp.Neurol_71_2

Histochemical analysis of Alzheimer disease (AD) brain tissues indicates that butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is present in beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques. The role of BuChE in AD pathology is unknown, but an animal model developing similar BuChE-associated Abeta plaques could provide insights. The APPSWE/PSEN1dE9 transgenic mouse (ADTg), which develops Abeta plaques, was examined to determine if BuChE associates with these plaques, as in AD. We found that in mature ADTg mice, BuChE activity associated with Abeta plaques. The Abeta-, thioflavin-S- and BuChE-positive plaques mainly accumulated in the olfactory structures, cerebral cortex, hippocampal formation, amygdala, and cerebellum. No plaques were stained for acetylcholinesterase activity. The distribution and abundance of plaque staining in ADTg closely resembled many aspects of plaque staining in AD. Butyrylcholinesterase staining consistently showed fewer plaques than were detected with Abeta immunostaining but a greater number of plaques than were visualized with thioflavin-S. Double-labeling experiments demonstrated that all BuChE-positive plaques were Abeta positive, whereas only some BuChE-positive plaques were thioflavin-S positive. These observations suggest that BuChE is associated with a subpopulation of Abeta plaques and may play a role in AD plaque maturation. A further study of this animal model could clarify the role of BuChE in AD pathology.