Kewitz_1977_Naunyn.Schmiedebergs.Arch.Pharmacol_298_205

Concentrations and specific radioactivities of choline, acetylcholine, phosphorylcholine, lipid choline, and sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine after i.v. injection of methyl-14C-choline were measured in the brain of untreated controls and of rats anesthesized with urethane. The specific activity was found to be decreased during deep anesthesia by 40% in acetylcholine, 20-30% in phosphorylcholine, 50-75% in lipid choline, and 30-40% in sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-choline. No significant change was detected in the specific activity of choline. The brain concentration of acetylcholine was increased by 40%, the concentration of sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine, however, was diminished by 10% during anesthesia. No change was found in the concentration of the other choline containing compounds investigated. Measuring choline incorporation into 4 subcellular fractions of brain tissue specific activities were found to be decreased by the same percentage, although 2 fractions (nuclei and microsomes) were higher labelled than the 2 other fractions (crude mitochondria with synaptosomes and lysosomes). A correlation between the biochemical and the functional alterations is supported by the dose-effect relationships on both parameters. It is suggested that urethane reduces turnover of lipids and by that mechanism inhibits the exocytotic release of the transmitter from presynaptic nerve endings.