Lin_2025_Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun_789_152800

Mutations in carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 8 (MODY8), yet the mechanism linking exocrine CEL deficiency to beta-cell failure remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a truncating CEL mutant (MUT-CEL, c.538 + 16C > T) is aberrantly internalized by beta-cells, where it forms cytotoxic aggregates that resist degradation. These aggregates induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, trigger a sustained unfolded protein response, and drive beta-cells into a senescent state characterized by cell cycle arrest and loss of identity markers. Crucially, we identify cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) dysfunction as a central mediator of this lipotoxicity induced senescence. Restoration of CDK4 activity rescues beta-cell proliferation and function in vitro and in vivo, revealing a targetable pathway to mitigate beta-cell demise in MODY8.