Wu_2022_Front.Oncol_12_924223

PURPOSE: Several studies have demonstrated that (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT shows high intratumoral tracer uptake and low normal tissue uptake, allowing for excellent visualization of cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of (68)Ga-FAPI and (18)F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of newly diagnosed NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective analysis of 28 individuals with histopathologically newly confirmed NSCLC that underwent (68)Ga-FAPI and (18)F-FDG PET/CT was conducted. The performance of two imaging modalities was compared based upon visual assessment, rates of cancer detection, and semi-quantitative parameters (target-to-background ratio [TBR], maximum standard uptake value [SUVmax]) for both primary tumors and metastases. RESULTS: In total, this study enrolled 28 participants (13 male, 15 female; median age: 60.5 years, range: 34 - 78 years. For primary tumors, (68)Ga-FAPI and (18)F-FDG PET/CT have similar detection performance (28 vs. 27). However, (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT was found to more effectively evaluate most metastases as compared to (18)F-FDG PET/CT. (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT detecting more metastases present within the lymph nodes (53 vs. 49), pleura (8 vs. 7), liver (4 vs. 1), and bone (41 vs. 35). The SUVmax and TBR values for (68)Ga-FAPI were substantially superior to those for (18)F-FDG in lymph node, pleural, and bone metastases. While the SUVmax for these two imaging approaches was comparable for hepatic metastases, (68)Ga-FAPI exhibited a significantly higher TBR in relation to that of (18)F-FDG. In addition, (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT demonstrates excellent N (80% [8/10]) and M (92.9% [26/28]) staging accuracy in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS: (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT as an examination modality is excellent for evaluation of newly diagnosed NSCLC. (68)Ga-FAPI PET/CT improves the detection rates of most metastases and facilitating the superior staging of patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC, relative to that achieved by (18)F-FDG PET/CT.