Xu_2012_Sheng.Li.Xue.Bao_64_550

Neuroligins NLs are postsynaptic membrane proteins expressed in the brain and mediate synaptogenesis Neuroligin family proteins can specifically induce either excitatory or inhibitory synapses Deletions or point mutations in neuroligin genes are found in patients with autism spectrum disorders ASD or mental retardations The dysfunctions of these mutations have been tested in multiple neuroligin mouse models In most of the models including the human autism-linked NL3 and NL4 mutation mice there are social interaction defects memory impairment and repetitive behaviors Researchers also found the excitatory/inhibitory synapse ratio altered in those mice as well as receptor subunit composition However inconsistencies and debates also exist between different research approaches In this review we summarize the neuroligin mouse models currently available examine the detailed alterations detected in those mice and compare the differences within different mouse models or different investigation methods to obtain an overall picture of the current progress on neuroligin mouse models.