Yan_2025_Food.Chem_498_147115

The residue of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sensitive, accurate, and environmentally friendly detection methods for OPs. Herein, we constructed a colorimetric/fluorescent dual-mode detection platform based on natural protein human serum albumin (HSA)-stabilized gold nanoclusters (HSA-Au NCs), combining the intrinsic fluorescence properties and peroxidase-like activity for OPs detection. The dual-mode detection strategy enhanced the accuracy and reliability of detection by mutual verification of signals. Moreover, benefiting from the biocompatibility of protein materials, HSA-Au NCs were environmentally friendly, allowing OPs detection in real samples. By integrating acetylcholinesterase, choline oxidase, and HSA-Au NCs on a cellulose acetylation membrane, a smartphone-assisted sensor with high sensitivity, low limit of detection, and environmental friendliness was developed. The sensor demonstrated a low detection limit of 0.476 ng.mL(-1) for parathion methyl, which was suitable for real fruit and vegetable detection.