Kato_2021_J.Biosci.Bioeng__

In this study, we report the identification and characterization of an acetyl xylan esterase, designated as AoAXEC, which was previously annotated as a hypothetical protein encoded by AO090023000158 in the Aspergillus oryzae genomic database. Based on its amino acid sequence, a low sequence identity to known acetyl xylan esterases was observed in the sequence of characterized acetyl xylan esterase. The gene fused with alpha-factor signal sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae instead of the native signal sequence was cloned into a vector, pPICZalphaC, and expressed successfully in Pichia pastoris as an active extracellular protein. The purified recombinant protein had pH and temperature optima of 7.0 and 50 degreesC, respectively, and was stable up to 50 degreesC. The optimal substrate for hydrolysis by the purified recombinant AoAXEC, among a panel of alpha-naphthyl esters (C2-C16), was alpha-naphthyl propionate (C3), with an activity of 0.35 +/- 0.006 units/mg protein. No significant difference of the K(m) value was observed between C3 (2.3 +/- 0.7 mM) and C2 (1.9 +/- 0.4 mM). In contrast, k(cat) value for C3 (18 +/- 3.9 s(-1)) was higher compared to C2 (4.5 +/- 0.7 s(-1)). The purified recombinant enzyme displayed a low activity toward acyl chain substrates containing eight or more carbon atoms. Recombinant AoAXEC catalyzed the release of acetic acid from wheat arabinoxylan. However, no activity was detected on methyl esters of ferulic, p-coumaric, caffeic, or sinapic acids. Additionally, the liberation of phenolic acids, such as ferulic acid, from wheat arabinoxylan was not exhibited by the recombinant protein.