Hosie_2022_Adv.Exp.Med.Biol_1383_141

Reference

Title : The Emerging Role of the Gut-Brain-Microbiota Axis in Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Hosie_2022_Adv.Exp.Med.Biol_1383_141
Author(s) : Hosie S , Abo-Shaban T , Lee CYQ , Matta SM , Shindler A , Gore R , Sharna SS , Herath M , Crack PJ , Franks AE , Hill-Yardin EL
Ref : Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology , 1383 :141 , 2022
Abstract :

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD; autism) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder associated with changes in gut-brain axis communication. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are experienced by a large proportion of individuals diagnosed with autism. Several mutations associated with autism modify cellular communication via neuronal synapses. It has been suggested that modifications to the enteric nervous system, an intrinsic nervous system of the GI tract, could contribute to GI dysfunction. Changes in gut motility, permeability, and the mucosal barrier as well as shifts in the large population of microbes inhabiting the GI tract could contribute to GI symptoms. Preclinical research has demonstrated that mice expressing the well-studied R451C missense mutation in Nlgn3 gene, which encodes cell adhesion protein neuroligin-3 at neuronal synapses, exhibit GI dysfunction. Specifically, NL3(R451C) mice show altered colonic motility and faster small intestinal transit. As well as dysmotility, macrophages located within the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the NL3(R451C) mouse caecum show altered morphology, suggesting that neuro-inflammation pathways are modified in this model. Interestingly, NL3(R451C) mice maintained in a shared environment demonstrate fecal microbial dysbiosis indicating a role for the nervous system in regulating gut microbial populations. To better understand host-microbe interactions, further clarification and comparison of clinical and animal model profiles of dysbiosis should be obtained, which in turn will provide better insights into the efforts taken to design personalized microbial therapies. In addition to changes in neurophysiological measures, the mucosal component of the GI barrier may contribute to GI dysfunction more broadly in individuals diagnosed with a wide range of neurological disorders. As the study of GI dysfunction advances to encompass multiple components of the gut-brain-microbiota axis, findings will help understand future directions such as microbiome engineering and optimisation of the mucosal barrier for health.

PubMedSearch : Hosie_2022_Adv.Exp.Med.Biol_1383_141
PubMedID: 36587154
Gene_locus related to this paper: human-NLGN3

Related information

Mutation R451C_mouse-3neur
Gene_locus human-NLGN3

Citations formats

Hosie S, Abo-Shaban T, Lee CYQ, Matta SM, Shindler A, Gore R, Sharna SS, Herath M, Crack PJ, Franks AE, Hill-Yardin EL (2022)
The Emerging Role of the Gut-Brain-Microbiota Axis in Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology 1383 :141

Hosie S, Abo-Shaban T, Lee CYQ, Matta SM, Shindler A, Gore R, Sharna SS, Herath M, Crack PJ, Franks AE, Hill-Yardin EL (2022)
Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology 1383 :141