Geraniol
Geraniol is a monoterpene that is found within many essential oils of fruits, vegetables, and herbs including rose oil, citronella, lemongrass, lavender, and other aromatic plants. It is emitted from the flowers of many species of plant and is commonly used by the food, fragrance, and cosmetic industry. Geraniol has demonstrated a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective
General
Type : Natural, Terpenoid, Plant volatile
Chemical_Nomenclature : (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol
Canonical SMILES : CC(=CCC\/C(=C\/CO)\/C)C
InChI : InChI=1S\/C10H18O\/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11\/h5,7,11H,4,6,8H2,1-3H3\/b10-7+
InChIKey : GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N
Other name(s) : Geranyl alcohol || Lemonol || trans-Geraniol || CHEBI:17447 || RefChem:5856 || Citrol || SCHEMBL19824 || CHEMBL25719 || SCHEMBL532263 || SCHEMBL10707285 || CHEBI:24221 || DB14183
MW : 154.25
Formula : C10H18O
CAS_number : 106-24-1
PubChem : 637566
UniChem : GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N
Target
Structures : No structure
Families : Canar_LipB
References (28)
| Title : Geraniol and Z-guggulsterone co-treatment attenuates Alzheimer's disease in adult zebrafish by targeting oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial stress, and synaptic dysfunction - Chauhan_2026_Inflammopharmacology__ |
| Author(s) : Chauhan P , Wadhwa K , Singh G |
| Ref : Inflammopharmacology , : , 2026 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Chauhan_2026_Inflammopharmacology__ |
| PubMedID: 41998449 |
| Title : Mosquitocidal Activity and Enzyme Inhibition of Citrus sinensis Essential Oil Against Anopheles gambiae: In Vivo and In Silico Insights - Solomon_2026_Neotrop.Entomol_55_ |
| Author(s) : Solomon AO , Okunowo WO , Osuntoki AA , Ogunleye FA , Jimoh RO , Nnopu SO , Vanlare TO , Linus EC |
| Ref : Neotrop Entomol , 55 : , 2026 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Solomon_2026_Neotrop.Entomol_55_ |
| PubMedID: 42014581 |
| Title : Development of a Sustainable Biocatalytic Process for Geranyl Benzoate Production Using Immobilized Lipase - Meola_2026_ChemistryOpen__e202500476 |
| Author(s) : Meola D , Chaibi C , Aprile S , Cesca K , de Oliveira D , de Paula AV , Presini F , Zappaterra F , Giovannini PP , Lerin LA |
| Ref : ChemistryOpen , :e202500476 , 2026 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Meola_2026_ChemistryOpen__e202500476 |
| PubMedID: 41677094 |
| Title : Hepatoprotective effect of geraniol against chlorpyrifos ethyl-induced liver injury: an experimental animal study - Ari_2025_BMC.Pharmacol.Toxicol_26_139 |
| Author(s) : Ari M , Ogut S , Keskin A |
| Ref : BMC Pharmacol Toxicol , 26 :139 , 2025 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Ari_2025_BMC.Pharmacol.Toxicol_26_139 |
| PubMedID: 40751274 |
| Title : Chemical composition, acaricidal activity, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of two chemotypes of Eugenia stictopetala essential oil against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus - da Silva_2025_Vet.Parasitol_340_110620 |
| Author(s) : da Silva AFL , de Albuquerque Melo Xavier JK , Camara MBP , Mendonca CJS , Costa-Junior LM , Ribeiro WD , Tavares CP , de Aguiar Andrade EH , Maia JGS , Dos Santos Bezerra WA , Soares AMS , da Rocha CQ |
| Ref : Vet Parasitol , 340 :110620 , 2025 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : da Silva_2025_Vet.Parasitol_340_110620 |
| PubMedID: 41045724 |
| Title : Role of geraniol against lead acetate-mediated hepatic damage and their interaction with liver carboxylesterase activity in rats - Ozkaya_2017_Arch.Physiol.Biochem__1 |
| Author(s) : Ozkaya A , Sahin Z , Kuzu M , Saglam YS , Ozkaraca M , Uckun M , Yologlu E , Comakli V , Demirdag R , Yologlu S |
| Ref : Arch Physiol Biochem , :1 , 2017 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Ozkaya_2017_Arch.Physiol.Biochem__1 |
| PubMedID: 28817314 |
| Title : Paraquat exposure-induced Parkinson's disease-like symptoms and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster: Neuroprotective effect of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy - Soares_2017_Biomed.Pharmacother_95_245 |
| Author(s) : Soares JJ , Rodrigues DT , Goncalves MB , Lemos MC , Gallarreta MS , Bianchini MC , Gayer MC , Puntel RL , Roehrs R , Denardin ELG |
| Ref : Biomed Pharmacother , 95 :245 , 2017 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Soares_2017_Biomed.Pharmacother_95_245 |
| PubMedID: 28843913 |
| Title : Avarol derivatives as competitive AChE inhibitors, non hepatotoxic and neuroprotective agents for Alzheimer's disease - Tommonaro_2016_Eur.J.Med.Chem_122_326 |
| Author(s) : Tommonaro G , Garcia-Font N , Vitale RM , Pejin B , Iodice C , Canadas S , Marco-Contelles J , Oset-Gasque MJ |
| Ref : Eur Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , 122 :326 , 2016 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Tommonaro_2016_Eur.J.Med.Chem_122_326 |
| PubMedID: 27376495 |
| Title : Acetylcholinesterase activity of electric eel is increased or decreased by selected monoterpenoids and phenylpropanoids in a concentration-dependent manner - Lopez_2015_Chem.Biol.Interact_229_36 |
| Author(s) : Lopez MD , Campoy FJ , Pascual-Villalobos MJ , Munoz-Delgado E , Vidal CJ |
| Ref : Chemico-Biological Interactions , 229 :36 , 2015 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Lopez_2015_Chem.Biol.Interact_229_36 |
| PubMedID: 25636489 |
| Title : Protective effects of geraniol (a monoterpene) in a diabetic neuropathy rat model: Attenuation of behavioral impairments and biochemical perturbations - Prasad_2014_J.Neurosci.Res_92_1205 |
| Author(s) : Prasad SN , Muralidhara |
| Ref : Journal of Neuroscience Research , 92 :1205 , 2014 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Prasad_2014_J.Neurosci.Res_92_1205 |
| PubMedID: 24752916 |
| Title : Mitigation of acrylamide-induced behavioral deficits, oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity by oral supplements of geraniol (a monoterpene) in a rat model - Prasad_2014_Chem.Biol.Interact_223C_27 |
| Author(s) : Prasad SN , Muralidhara |
| Ref : Chemico-Biological Interactions , 223C :27 , 2014 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Prasad_2014_Chem.Biol.Interact_223C_27 |
| PubMedID: 25199698 |
| Title : Neuroprotective effect of geraniol and curcumin in an acrylamide model of neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: Relevance to neuropathy - Prasad_2013_J.Insect.Physiol_60C_7 |
| Author(s) : Prasad SN , Muralidhara |
| Ref : J Insect Physiol , 60C :7 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Prasad_2013_J.Insect.Physiol_60C_7 |
| PubMedID: 24231732 |
| Title : Insecticidal and developmental inhibitory properties of monoterpenes on Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) - Zahran_2011_J.Asia.Pac.Entomol_14_46 |
| Author(s) : Zahran HE , Abdelgaleil SAM |
| Ref : Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology , 14 :46 , 2011 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Zahran_2011_J.Asia.Pac.Entomol_14_46 |
| PubMedID: |
| Title : Evaluation of semiochemical toxicity to Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Diptera: Culicidae) - Kaufman_2010_Pest.Manag.Sci_66_497 |
| Author(s) : Kaufman PE , Mann RS , Butler JF |
| Ref : Pest Manag Sci , 66 :497 , 2010 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Kaufman_2010_Pest.Manag.Sci_66_497 |
| PubMedID: 20127888 |
| Title : Acaricidal and quantitative structure activity relationship of monoterpenes against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae - Badawy_2010_Exp.Appl.Acarol_52_261 |
| Author(s) : Badawy ME , El-arami SA , Abdelgaleil SA |
| Ref : Exp Appl Acarol , 52 :261 , 2010 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Badawy_2010_Exp.Appl.Acarol_52_261 |
| PubMedID: 20431924 |
| Title : Fumigant and contact toxicities of monoterpenes to Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and their inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase activity - Abdelgaleil_2009_J.Chem.Ecol_35_518 |
| Author(s) : Abdelgaleil SA , Mohamed MI , Badawy ME , El-arami SA |
| Ref : J Chem Ecol , 35 :518 , 2009 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Abdelgaleil_2009_J.Chem.Ecol_35_518 |
| PubMedID: 19412756 |
| Title : Geranyl acetate esterase controls and regulates the level of geraniol in lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Nees ex Steud.) mutant cv. GRL-1 leaves - Ganjewala_2009_Z.Naturforsch.C_64_251 |
| Author(s) : Ganjewala D , Luthra R |
| Ref : Z Naturforsch C , 64 :251 , 2009 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Ganjewala_2009_Z.Naturforsch.C_64_251 |
| PubMedID: 19526721 |
| Title : An integrated process: ester synthesis in an enzymatic membrane reactor and water sorption - Trusek-Holownia_2007_J.Biotechnol_130_47 |
| Author(s) : Trusek-Holownia A , Noworyta A |
| Ref : J Biotechnol , 130 :47 , 2007 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Trusek-Holownia_2007_J.Biotechnol_130_47 |
| PubMedID: 17434222 |
| Title : Effect of water activity on the lipase catalyzed esterification of geraniol in ionic liquid [bmim]PF6 - Barahona_2006_Biotechnol.Bioeng_93_318 |
| Author(s) : Barahona D , Pfromm PH , Rezac ME |
| Ref : Biotechnol Bioeng , 93 :318 , 2006 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Barahona_2006_Biotechnol.Bioeng_93_318 |
| PubMedID: 16196056 |
| Title : Real time measurement and control of thermodynamic water activities for enzymatic catalysis in hexane - Kang_2005_J.Biotechnol_119_147 |
| Author(s) : Kang IJ , Pfromm PH , Rezac ME |
| Ref : J Biotechnol , 119 :147 , 2005 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Kang_2005_J.Biotechnol_119_147 |
| PubMedID: 15941606 |
| Title : Synthesis of flavor and fragrance esters using Candida antarctica lipase - Larios_2004_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_65_373 |
| Author(s) : Larios A , Garcia HS , Oliart RM , Valerio-Alfaro G |
| Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 65 :373 , 2004 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Larios_2004_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_65_373 |
| PubMedID: 15248036 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: canar-LipB |
| Title : An esterase is involved in geraniol production during palmarosa inflorescence development - Dubey_2003_Phytochemistry_63_257 |
| Author(s) : Dubey VS , Bhalla R , Luthra R |
| Ref : Phytochemistry , 63 :257 , 2003 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Dubey_2003_Phytochemistry_63_257 |
| PubMedID: 12737976 |
| Title : Water activity effects on geranyl acetate synthesis catalyzed by novozym in supercritical ethane and in supercritical carbon dioxide - Peres_2003_J.Agric.Food.Chem_51_1884 |
| Author(s) : Peres C , Gomes da Silva MD , Barreiros S |
| Ref : Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 51 :1884 , 2003 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Peres_2003_J.Agric.Food.Chem_51_1884 |
| PubMedID: 12643646 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: canar-LipB |
| Title : In-vitro activity of S. lavandulaefolia (Spanish sage) relevant to treatment of Alzheimer's disease - Perry_2001_J.Pharm.Pharmacol_53_1347 |
| Author(s) : Perry NS , Houghton PJ , Sampson J , Theobald AE , Hart S , Lis-Balchin M , Hoult JR , Evans P , Jenner P , Milligan S , Perry EK |
| Ref : J Pharm Pharmacol , 53 :1347 , 2001 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Perry_2001_J.Pharm.Pharmacol_53_1347 |
| PubMedID: 11697542 |
| Title : Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of geranyl acetate in n-hexane with membrane-mediated water removal - Bartling_2001_Biotechnol.Bioeng_75_676 |
| Author(s) : Bartling K , Thompson JU , Pfromm PH , Czermak P , Rezac ME |
| Ref : Biotechnol Bioeng , 75 :676 , 2001 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Bartling_2001_Biotechnol.Bioeng_75_676 |
| PubMedID: 11745145 |
| Title : Biotransformation of geranyl acetate to geraniol during palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii, Roxb. wats. var. motia) inflorescence development - Dubey_2001_Phytochemistry_57_675 |
| Author(s) : Dubey VS , Luthra R |
| Ref : Phytochemistry , 57 :675 , 2001 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Dubey_2001_Phytochemistry_57_675 |
| PubMedID: 11397433 |
| Title : In-vitro inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil and constituent terpenes - Perry_2000_J.Pharm.Pharmacol_52_895 |
| Author(s) : Perry NS , Houghton PJ , Theobald A , Jenner P , Perry EK |
| Ref : J Pharm Pharmacol , 52 :895 , 2000 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Perry_2000_J.Pharm.Pharmacol_52_895 |
| PubMedID: 10933142 |
| Title : Nematicidal activity of some essential plant oils - Sangwan_1990_Pest.Sci_28_331 |
| Author(s) : Sangwan NK , Verma BS , Verma KK , Dhindsa KS |
| Ref : Pest Sci , 28 :331 , 1990 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Sangwan_1990_Pest.Sci_28_331 |
| PubMedID: |