Karrikin-2
Karrikins (KAR) are butenolide molecules produced during wildfires in smoke and deposited on soil surface. They are absorbed by seeds and activate germination. Strigolactones (SL) are different butenolide plant hormones with tricyclic lactone, that influence root branching leaf shape and senescence. KAI2 and D14 are paralogous alpha/beta hydrolase receptors respectively for KARS and SLs they belong to the RsbQ-like family. KAI2 (KARRIKIN-INSENSITVE-2) and D14 (DWARF14) are both receptors and enzymes.KAR2 is the most active karrikin in Arabidopsis germination, but is considerably less active compared to KAR1 in other species. KAR3 shows comparable germination promoting ability with KAR1 yet KAR4 (4) is not active in Arabidopsis but can promote germination at higher concentrations in the smoke-responsive taxa, Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Emmenanthe penduliflora, and Solanum orbiculatum
General
Type : Plant hormone, Karrikin, Butenolide, desmethyl Strigolactone receptors ligand, Strigolactone receptors ligand, Natural
Chemical_Nomenclature : furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one
Canonical SMILES : C1=COC=C2C1=CC(=O)O2
InChI : InChI=1S\/C7H4O3\/c8-7-3-5-1-2-9-4-6(5)10-7\/h1-4H
InChIKey : OBHRCUWVUFZNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Other name(s) : 2H-Furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one || Karrikin 2 || KAR2 || SCHEMBL3851381 || ZINC38312150
MW : 136.10
Formula : C7H4O3
CAS_number : 857054-03-6
PubChem : 11159352
UniChem : OBHRCUWVUFZNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Wikipedia : Karrikin
Target
Structures : No structure
Families : RsbQ-like
References (22)
| Title : Smoke and Hormone Mirrors: Action and Evolution of Karrikin and Strigolactone Signaling - Morffy_2016_Trends.Genet_32_176 |
| Author(s) : Morffy N , Faure L , Nelson DC |
| Ref : Trends Genet , 32 :176 , 2016 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Morffy_2016_Trends.Genet_32_176 |
| PubMedID: 26851153 |
| Title : Functional redundancy in the control of seedling growth by the karrikin signaling pathway - Stanga_2016_Planta_243_1397 |
| Author(s) : Stanga JP , Morffy N , Nelson DC |
| Ref : Planta , 243 :1397 , 2016 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Stanga_2016_Planta_243_1397 |
| PubMedID: 26754282 |
| Title : Substrate-Induced Degradation of the alpha\/beta-Fold Hydrolase KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 Requires a Functional Catalytic Triad but Is Independent of MAX2 - |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Scaffidi A , Flematti GR , Smith SM |
| Ref : Mol Plant , 8 :814 , 2015 |
| PubMedID: 25698586 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-KAI2.D14L |
| Title : Rice perception of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi requires the karrikin receptor complex - Gutjahr_2015_Science_350_1521 |
| Author(s) : Gutjahr C , Gobbato E , Choi J , Riemann M , Johnston MG , Summers W , Carbonnel S , Mansfield C , Yang SY , Nadal M , Acosta I , Takano M , Jiao WB , Schneeberger K , Kelly KA , Paszkowski U |
| Ref : Science , 350 :1521 , 2015 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Gutjahr_2015_Science_350_1521 |
| PubMedID: 26680197 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: orysj-q10j20 |
| Title : A Selaginella moellendorffii Ortholog of KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 Functions in Arabidopsis Development but Cannot Mediate Responses to Karrikins or Strigolactones - Waters_2015_Plant.Cell_27_1925 |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Scaffidi A , Moulin SL , Sun YK , Flematti GR , Smith SM |
| Ref : Plant Cell , 27 :1925 , 2015 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Waters_2015_Plant.Cell_27_1925 |
| PubMedID: 26175507 |
| Title : Evidence that KARRIKIN-INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) Receptors may Perceive an Unknown Signal that is not Karrikin or Strigolactone - Conn_2015_Front.Plant.Sci_6_1219 |
| Author(s) : Conn CE , Nelson DC |
| Ref : Front Plant Sci , 6 :1219 , 2015 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Conn_2015_Front.Plant.Sci_6_1219 |
| PubMedID: 26779242 |
| Title : The karrikin response system of Arabidopsis - Waters_2014_Plant.J_79_623 |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Scaffidi A , Sun YK , Flematti GR , Smith SM |
| Ref : Plant J , 79 :623 , 2014 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Waters_2014_Plant.J_79_623 |
| PubMedID: 24433542 |
| Title : Signalling and responses to strigolactones and karrikins - Smith_2014_Curr.Opin.Plant.Biol_21C_23 |
| Author(s) : Smith SM , Li J |
| Ref : Curr Opin Plant Biol , 21C :23 , 2014 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Smith_2014_Curr.Opin.Plant.Biol_21C_23 |
| PubMedID: 24996032 |
| Title : The Structure of the Karrikin-Insensitive Protein (KAI2) in Arabidopsis thaliana. - Bythell-Douglas_2013_PLoS.One_8_e54758 |
| Author(s) : Bythell-Douglas R , Waters MT , Scaffidi A , Flematti GR , Smith SM , Bond CS |
| Ref : PLoS ONE , 8 :e54758 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Bythell-Douglas_2013_PLoS.One_8_e54758 |
| PubMedID: 23349965 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-KAI2.D14L |
| Title : KAI2- and MAX2-Mediated Responses to Karrikins and Strigolactones Are Largely Independent of HY5 in Arabidopsis Seedlings - Waters_2013_Mol.Plant_6_63 |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Smith SM |
| Ref : Mol Plant , 6 :63 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Waters_2013_Mol.Plant_6_63 |
| PubMedID: 23142794 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-KAI2.D14L |
| Title : Structures of D14 and D14L in the strigolactone and karrikin signaling pathways - Kagiyama_2013_Genes.Cells_18_147 |
| Author(s) : Kagiyama M , Hirano Y , Mori T , Kim SY , Kyozuka J , Seto Y , Yamaguchi S , Hakoshima T |
| Ref : Genes Cells , 18 :147 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Kagiyama_2013_Genes.Cells_18_147 |
| PubMedID: 23301669 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-KAI2.D14L , orysj-Q10QA5 |
| Title : Crystal structures of two phytohormone signal-transducing alpha\/beta hydrolases: karrikin-signaling KAI2 and strigolactonesignaling DWARF14 - |
| Author(s) : Zhao LH , Zhou XE , Wu ZS , Yi W , Xu Y , Li S , Xu TH , Liu Y , Chen RZ , Kovach A , Kang Y , Hou L , He Y , Xie C , Song W , Zhong D , Wang Y , Li J , Zhang C , Melcher K , Xu HE |
| Ref : Cell Res , 23 :436 , 2013 |
| PubMedID: 23381136 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: orysj-Q10QA5 |
| Title : The origins and mechanisms of karrikin signalling - Waters_2013_Curr.Opin.Plant.Biol_16_667 |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Scaffidi A , Flematti GR , Smith SM |
| Ref : Curr Opin Plant Biol , 16 :667 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Waters_2013_Curr.Opin.Plant.Biol_16_667 |
| PubMedID: 23954000 |
| Title : Smoke-derived karrikin perception by the alpha\/beta-hydrolase KAI2 from Arabidopsis - Guo_2013_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_110_8284 |
| Author(s) : Guo Y , Zheng Z , La Clair JJ , Chory J , Noel JP |
| Ref : Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , 110 :8284 , 2013 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Guo_2013_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_110_8284 |
| PubMedID: 23613584 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-AtD14 |
| Title : Specialisation within the DWARF14 protein family confers distinct responses to karrikins and strigolactones in Arabidopsis. - Waters_2012_Development_139_1285 |
| Author(s) : Waters MT , Nelson DC , Scaffidi A , Flematti GR , Sun YK , Dixon KW , Smith SM |
| Ref : Development , 139 :1285 , 2012 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Waters_2012_Development_139_1285 |
| PubMedID: 22357928 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: arath-AtD14 , arath-KAI2.D14L , orysj-q10j20 , orysj-Q10QA5 |
| Title : Regulation of seed germination and seedling growth by chemical signals from burning vegetation - Nelson_2012_Annu.Rev.Plant.Biol_63_107 |
| Author(s) : Nelson DC , Flematti GR , Ghisalberti EL , Dixon KW , Smith SM |
| Ref : Annu Rev Plant Biol , 63 :107 , 2012 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Nelson_2012_Annu.Rev.Plant.Biol_63_107 |
| PubMedID: 22404467 |
| Title : Strigolactone and karrikin signal perception: receptors, enzymes, or both? - Janssen_2012_Front.Plant.Sci_3_296 |
| Author(s) : Janssen BJ , Snowden KC |
| Ref : Front Plant Sci , 3 :296 , 2012 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Janssen_2012_Front.Plant.Sci_3_296 |
| PubMedID: 23293648 |
| Title : Exploring the molecular mechanism of karrikins and strigolactones - Scaffidi_2012_Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett_22_3743 |
| Author(s) : Scaffidi A , Waters MT , Bond CS , Dixon KW , Smith SM , Ghisalberti EL , Flematti GR |
| Ref : Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Lett , 22 :3743 , 2012 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Scaffidi_2012_Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett_22_3743 |
| PubMedID: 22542018 |
| Title : F-box protein MAX2 has dual roles in karrikin and strigolactone signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana - Nelson_2011_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_108_8897 |
| Author(s) : Nelson DC , Scaffidi A , Dun EA , Waters MT , Flematti GR , Dixon KW , Beveridge CA , Ghisalberti EL , Smith SM |
| Ref : Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , 108 :8897 , 2011 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Nelson_2011_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_108_8897 |
| PubMedID: 21555559 |
| Title : Karrikins enhance light responses during germination and seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana - Nelson_2010_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_107_7095 |
| Author(s) : Nelson DC , Flematti GR , Riseborough JA , Ghisalberti EL , Dixon KW , Smith SM |
| Ref : Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , 107 :7095 , 2010 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Nelson_2010_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_107_7095 |
| PubMedID: 20351290 |
| Title : Identification of alkyl substituted 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-ones as germination stimulants present in smoke - Flematti_2009_J.Agric.Food.Chem_57_9475 |
| Author(s) : Flematti GR , Ghisalberti EL , Dixon KW , Trengove RD |
| Ref : Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 57 :9475 , 2009 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Flematti_2009_J.Agric.Food.Chem_57_9475 |
| PubMedID: 19785418 |
| Title : Karrikins: A New Family of Plant Growth Regulators in Smoke - Chiwocha_2009_Plant.Sci_177_252 |
| Author(s) : Chiwocha SDS , Dixon KW , Flematti GR , Ghisalberti EL , Merritt DJ , Nelson DC , Riseborough JAM , Smith SM , Stevens JC |
| Ref : Plant Sci , 177 :252 , 2009 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Chiwocha_2009_Plant.Sci_177_252 |
| PubMedID: |