(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Bacteria: NE > Proteobacteria: NE > Gammaproteobacteria: NE > Enterobacterales: NE > Enterobacteriaceae: NE > Shigella: NE > Shigella flexneri: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Shigella flexneri 5 str. 8401: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 2002017: N, E.
Shigella flexneri CDC 796-83: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 2a str. 2457T: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 5a str. M90T: N, E.
Shigella flexneri J1713: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-218: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 4343-70: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-304: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-671: N, E.
Shigella flexneri VA-6: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-272: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 2747-71: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-227: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 2930-71: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 1235-66: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-1770: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 2850-71: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 1485-80: N, E.
Shigella flexneri 6603-63: N, E.
Shigella flexneri K-404: N, E.
Shigella flexneri CCH060: N, E.
Shigella sonnei 53G: N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MVMELNERNITMNIKIAALTLAIASGISAQWAIAADMPASPAPTIPVKQY VTQVNADNSVTFRYFAPGAKNVSVVVGVPVPDNIHPMTKDEAGVWSWRTP ILKGNLYEYFFNVDGVRSIDTGTAMTKPQRQVNSSMILVPGSYLDTRSVA HGDLIAITYHSNALQSERQMYVWTPPGYTGMGEPLPVLYFYHGFGDTGRS AIDQGRIPQIMDNLLAEGKIKPMLVVIPDTETDAKGIIPEDFVPQERRKV FYPLNAKAADRELMNDIIPLISKRFSVRKDADGRALAGLSQGGYQALVSG MNHLESFGWLATFSGVTTTTVPDEGVAARLNDPAAINQQLRNFTVVVGDK DVVTGKDIAGLKTELEQKKIKFDYQEYPGLNHEMDVWRPAYAAFVQKFKI RH
BACKGROUND: Shigella bacteria cause dysentery, which remains a significant threat to public health. Shigella flexneri is the most common species in both developing and developed countries. Five Shigella genomes have been sequenced, revealing dynamic and diverse features. To investigate the intra-species diversity of S. flexneri genomes further, we have sequenced the complete genome of S. flexneri 5b strain 8401 (abbreviated Sf8401) and compared it with S. flexneri 2a (Sf301). RESULTS: The Sf8401 chromosome is 4.5-Mb in size, a little smaller than that of Sf301, mainly because the former lacks the SHI-1 pathogenicity island (PAI). Compared with Sf301, there are 6 inversions and one translocation in Sf8401, which are probably mediated by insertion sequences (IS). There are clear differences in the known PAIs between these two genomes. The bacteriophage SfV segment remaining in SHI-O of Sf8401 is clearly larger than the remnants of bacteriophage SfII in Sf301. SHI-1 is absent from Sf8401 but a specific related protein is found next to the pheV locus. SHI-2 is involved in one intra-replichore inversion near the origin of replication, which may change the expression of iut/iuc genes. Moreover, genes related to the glycine-betaine biosynthesis pathway are present only in Sf8401 among the known Shigella genomes. CONCLUSION: Our data show that the two S. flexneri genomes are very similar, which suggests a high level of structural and functional conservation between the two serotypes. The differences reflect different selection pressures during evolution. The ancestor of S. flexneri probably acquired SHI-1 and SHI-2 before SHI-O was integrated and the serotypes diverged. SHI-1 was subsequently deleted from the S. flexneri 5b genome by recombination, but stabilized in the S. flexneri 2a genome. These events may have contributed to the differences in pathogenicity and epidemicity between the two serotypes of S. flexneri.
We determined the complete genome sequence of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a strain 2457T (4,599,354 bp). Shigella species cause >1 million deaths per year from dysentery and diarrhea and have a lifestyle that is markedly different from those of closely related bacteria, including Escherichia coli. The genome exhibits the backbone and island mosaic structure of E. coli pathogens, albeit with much less horizontally transferred DNA and lacking 357 genes present in E. coli. The strain is distinctive in its large complement of insertion sequences, with several genomic rearrangements mediated by insertion sequences, 12 cryptic prophages, 372 pseudogenes, and 195 S. flexneri-specific genes. The 2457T genome was also compared with that of a recently sequenced S. flexneri 2a strain, 301. Our data are consistent with Shigella being phylogenetically indistinguishable from E. coli. The S. flexneri-specific regions contain many genes that could encode proteins with roles in virulence. Analysis of these will reveal the genetic basis for aspects of this pathogenic organism's distinctive lifestyle that have yet to be explained.
We have sequenced the genome of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a, the most prevalent species and serotype that causes bacillary dysentery or shigellosis in man. The whole genome is composed of a 4 607 203 bp chromosome and a 221 618 bp virulence plasmid, designated pCP301. While the plasmid shows minor divergence from that sequenced in serotype 5a, striking characteristics of the chromosome have been revealed. The S.flexneri chromosome has, astonishingly, 314 IS elements, more than 7-fold over those possessed by its close relatives, the non-pathogenic K12 strain and enterohemorrhagic O157:H7 strain of Escherichia coli. There are 13 translocations and inversions compared with the E.coli sequences, all involve a segment larger than 5 kb, and most are associated with deletions or acquired DNA sequences, of which several are likely to be bacteriophage-transmitted pathogenicity islands. Furthermore, S.flexneri, resembling another human-restricted enteric pathogen, Salmonella typhi, also has hundreds of pseudogenes compared with the E.coli strains. All of these could be subjected to investigations towards novel preventative and treatment strategies against shigellosis.
Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei enterochelin esterase