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PHA_synth_I

Relationship

Family: PHA_synth_I

Block: X

Parent Family: Abhydrolase_6

Comment

(The family Pha_synthase was split in four families (PHA_synth_I, PHA_synth_II, PHA_synth_III, PhaC_cen_dom ) according to Interpro and Tigrpfam. PhaC_cen_dom groups enzyme with the central domain but not the class I,II,III domains)This entry represents the class I subfamily of poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoate synthases, which polymerises hydroxyacyl-CoAs with three to five carbons in the hydroxyacyl backbone into aliphatic esters termed poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acids. These polymers accumulate as carbon and energy storage inclusions in many species and can amount to 90 percent of the dry weight of the cell. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (PhaC) N-terminus. This entry represents the central domain of the bacterial poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (PhaC). Polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHAs) are carbon and energy reserve polymers produced in some bacteria when carbon sources are plentiful and another nutrient, such as nitrogen, phosphate, oxygen, or sulphur, becomes limiting. PHAs composed of monomeric units ranging from 3 to 14 carbons exist in nature. When the carbon source is exhausted, PHA is utilised by the bacterium. PhaC links D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrl-CoA to an existing PHA molecule by the formation of an ester bond PHA_synth_I TIGR01838 PHA_synth_II TIGR01839. The nucleophilic residue of the catalytic triad is a cysteine (with exceptions)

Database

Interpro : IPR010941 PhaC_cen_dom Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase, central domain , IPR010963 Poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I

PIRSF : No PIRSF

Pdoc : No Pdoc

Pfam : PF07167 PhaC_N

Prints : No Print

EC Number : No EC Number

Sequences

Peptide in Fasta
Nucleotide in Fasta
Alignment with Multalin Text only
Seed alignment with MAFFT No colour / coloured with Mview
Alignment with MAFFT No colour / coloured with Mview
Dendrogram The dnd file

Structure Name Proteins
5XAV Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase PhaC from Chromobacterium sp. USM2 9neis-e1apk1
6K3C Crystal structure of class I PHA synthase (PhaC) mutant from Chromobacterium sp. USM2 bound to Coenzyme A. 9neis-e1apk1
5T6O Structure of the catalytic domain of the class I polyhydroxybutyrate synthase from Cupriavidus necator alceu-phbc
5HZ2 Crystal structure of PhaC1 (Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase) from Ralstonia eutropha alceu-phbc

Gene_locus Name Species
herss-d8j0d1 Herbaspirillum seropedicae Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthetase protein PhbC Herbaspirillum seropedicae
9bact-a0a2z5dkz9 Mangrove Unculturable Bacteria Poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase PhaCBP-M-CPF4 uncultured bacterium
9neis-a0a0n9wsd0 Aquitalea sp. USM4 Class I poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase phaC Aquitalea sp. USM4
9brad-q35ew8 Bradyrhizobium sp. BTAi1 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Bradyrhizobium sp. BTAi1
9burk-q4b1z6 Polaromonas sp. JS666 poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase, n-terminal Polaromonas sp. JS666
9gamm-q2bmt8 Oceanospirillum sp. MED92 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Oceanospirillum sp. MED92
9gamm-q34uv1 Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei MLHE-1 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei MLHE-1
9psed-q6ufw5 Pseudomonas sp. HJ-2 scl-pha synthase Pseudomonas sp. HJ-2
mobas-q1yjc4 Aurantimonas manganoxydans SI85-9A1 poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (phb polymerase), phac Aurantimonas manganoxydans SI85-9A1
9rhiz-q3wwg4 Mesorhizobium sp. BNC1 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Mesorhizobium sp. BNC1
9sphn-q1nf73 Sphingomonas sp. SKA58 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Sphingomonas sp. SKA58
9sphn-q2n864 Erythrobacter litoralis HTCC2594 poly-3-hydroxybutyrate synthase Erythrobacter litoralis HTCC2594
acicj-a5fy30 Acidiphilium cryptum, Acidiphilium multivorum, poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Acidiphilium cryptum JF-5
acisp-PHAC Acinetobacter sp polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Acinetobacter sp.
aerca-PHAC Aeromonas caviae (Aeromonas formicans) Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila (strain ATCC 7966 \/ NCIB 9240) Esterase YbfF pha synthase Aeromonas caviae
aerhy-PHAC Aeromonas hydrophila (and strain subsp. hydrophila (strain ATCC 7966 \/ NCIB 9240))pha synthase Aeromonas hydrophila
agrtu-PHBC Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58 \/ ATCC 33970) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthase Agrobacterium tumefaciens
alceu-phbc Alcaligenes eutrophus, Cupriavidus necator (Ralstonia eutropha) (polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase) phaC Ralstonia eutropha
alcla-PHAC Alcaligenes latus polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase Alcaligenes latus
alcla-PHBC Alcaligenes latus poly-delta-hydroxybutyric acid synthase Alcaligenes latus
hydte-a0a2z6dvs4 Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus (Pseudomonas hydrogenothermophila) Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus
hydte-phaC Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus (Pseudomonas hydrogenothermophila) Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus
hydps-phbC Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava (Pseudomonas carboxydoflava) Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava
alcsp-PHAC Alcaligenes sp pha synthase Alcaligenes sp.
alheh-q0a6f6 Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei MLHE-1 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei MLHE-1
aroae-q5p1l8 Aromatoleum aromaticum (strain EbN1) (Azoarcus sp. (strain EbN1)) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (EC 2.3.1.-) Aromatoleum aromaticum EbN1
aroae-q5p3d9 Aromatoleum aromaticum (strain EbN1) (Azoarcus sp. (strain EbN1)) putative poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthase Aromatoleum aromaticum EbN1
azobr-PHBC Azospirillum brasilense poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthase Azospirillum brasilense
azoc5-phbc Azorhizobium caulinodans (strain ATCC 43989 \/ DSM 5975 \/ ORS 571) polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Azorhizobium caulinodans
azovi-PHBC Azotobacter vinelandii phb synthase AvOP poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Azotobacter vinelandii
bora1-q2l122 Bordetella avium (strain 197N) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (EC 2.3.1.-) (fragment) Bordetella avium
borpe-PHBC Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica (Alcaligenes bronchisepticus) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (EC 2.3.1.-) Bordetella pertussis
braja-BLL4360 Bradyrhizobium japonicum poly-3-hydroxybutyrate synthase Bradyrhizobium japonicum
braja-blr3732 Bradyrhizobium japonicum poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase PHBC (EC 2.3.1.-) Bradyrhizobium japonicum
burma-q62jy7 Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei) Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei), Burkholderia thailandensis, Burkholderia sp, poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Burkholderia mallei
burs3-q39ft0 Burkholderia sp., Burkholderia cepacia, Burkholderia cenocepacia Burkholderia ambifaria, poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Burkholderia sp.
bursp-Q9RB82 Burkholderia sp. DSMZ 9242 phac Burkholderia sp. DSMZ 9242
burvi-q4bpk4 Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 Burkholderia ambifaria AMMD poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i precursor Burkholderia vietnamiensis
caucr-PHBC Caulobacter vibrioides (Caulobacter crescentus) phb synthase (poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase) Caulobacter crescentus
chrsd-q1qup8 Chromohalobacter salexigens (strain DSM 3043 \/ ATCC BAA-138 \/ NCIM 13768) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Chromohalobacter salexigens
9neis-e1apk1 Chromobacterium sp. USM2 phaC(pha synthase) Intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase Chromobacterium sp. USM2
chrvi-PHAC Chromobacterium violaceum (pha synthase) polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase Chromobacterium violaceum
colp3-q47ws9 Colwellia psychrerythraea (strain 34H \/ ATCC BAA-681) (Vibroi psychroerythus)poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (EC 2.3.1.-) Colwellia psychrerythraea
cuppj-q472g6 Cupriavidus pinatubonensis (Alcaligenes eutrophus) (Ralstonia eutropha) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Ralstonia eutropha
decar-q47fm4 Dechloromonas aromatica (strain RCB) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Dechloromonas aromatica
decar-q47jw8 Dechloromonas aromatica (strain RCB) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Dechloromonas aromatica
9gamm-a0a265dtv9 Halomonas boliviensis LC1 Class I poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Halomonas boliviensis LC1
delac-PHAC Delftia acidovorans (Pseudomonas acidovorans) (Comamonas acidovorans) pha synthase Comamonas acidovorans
ectha-q2cqz1 Halorhodospira halophila SL1 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Halorhodospira halophila SL1
hahch-q2sje1 Hahella chejuensis (strain KCTC 2396) poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthetase Hahella chejuensis
jansc-q28TC8 Jannaschia sp. CCS1 Poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Jannaschia sp. CCS1
legpa-q5x7f5 Legionella pneumophila (strain Paris) (strain Lens) Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila (strain Philadelphia 1) hypothetical protein Legionella pneumophila
magsa-q2w0u6 Magnetospirillum magneticum (strain AMB-1 \/ ATCC 700264) poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthetase Magnetospirillum magneticum
marav-a1uil8 Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus VT8 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus VT8
meslo-MLR0937 Rhizobium loti (Mesorhizobium loti) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthase Rhizobium loti
metex-phac Methylobacterium extorquens (Methylobacterium dichloromethanicum) (Protomonas extorquens), Methylobacterium populi, Methylobacterium chloromethanicum, pha synthase polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Methylobacterium extorquens
nithx-q1qkz3 Nitrobacter hamburgensis (strain X14 \/ DSM 10229) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Nitrobacter hamburgensis
nitwn-q3ss30 Nitrobacter winogradskyi (strain Nb-255 \/ ATCC 25391) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Nitrobacter winogradskyi
novad-q2gb25 Novosphingobium aromaticivorans (strain DSM 12444) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Novosphingobium aromaticivorans
parde-PHAC Paracoccus denitrificans (and PD1222) poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthase Paracoccus denitrificans
phoas-q1zx01 Photobacterium angustum (Vibrio sp.) Photobacterium leiognathi, Photobacterium sp., polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Photobacterium angustum S14
phopr-q6lki3 Photobacterium profundum (Photobacterium sp. (strain SS9 and 3TCK)) putative polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Photobacterium profundum
psepu-PHBC Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas sp. 10c-1-3 poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) phb synthase Pseudomonas putida
psesp-PHBC Pseudomonas sp. 61-3 phb synthase Pseudomonas sp. 61-3
ralme-q1lms4 Ralstonia metallidurans (strain CH34 \/ ATCC 43123 \/ DSM 2839) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Ralstonia metallidurans
ralme-q1lnn7 Ralstonia metallidurans (strain CH34 \/ ATCC 43123 \/ DSM 2839) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Ralstonia metallidurans
ralso-PHBC Ralstonia solanacearum (Pseudomonas solanacearum), Ralstonia pickettii (strains 12J\; 12D), Ralstonia sp. Polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase (EC 2.3.1.-) Ralstonia solanacearum
rhiet-phbc Rhizobium etli (and strain CFN 42 \/ ATCC 51251) ) poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase protein (polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase) Rhizobium etli
rhil3-q1mhh7 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (strain 3841) (EC 2.3.1.-) Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae
rhime-phbc Rhizobium meliloti (Sinorhizobium meliloti) (polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase) Sinorhizobium meliloti
rhoca-PHAC Rhodobacter capsulatus (Rhodopseudomonas capsulata) pha-synthase Rhodobacter capsulatus
rhofd-q21vc4 Rhodoferax ferrireducens (strain DSM 15236 \/ ATCC BAA-621 \/ T118) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Rhodoferax ferrireducens
rhop2-q2ivt9 Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain HaA2) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Rhodopseudomonas palustris
rhopa-q6n6w3 Rhodopseudomonas palustris poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthase Rhodopseudomonas palustris
rhopa-q375v0 Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisA53 poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisA53
rhopb-q213r9 Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain BisB18) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Rhodopseudomonas palustris
rhoru-PHA Rhodospirillum rubrum Rhodospirillum rubrum (strain ATCC 11170 \/ NCIB 8255) polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase Rhodospirillum rubrum
rhoru-PHACRR Rhodospirillum rubrum Rhodospirillum rubrum (strain ATCC 11170 \/ NCIB 8255 pha synthase Rhodospirillum rubrum
rhoru-PHBCRR Rhodococcus ruber\; Rhodococcus aetherivorans I24. pha synthase phaC1 Rhodococcus ruber
rhosh-PHAC Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides) (strain ATCC 17023 \/ 2.4.1 \/ NCIB 8253 \/ DS158) polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase Rhodobacter sphaeroides
ricfe-q4ujz0 Rickettsia felis (Rickettsia azadi) poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthetase Rickettsia felis
ricpr-RP820 Rickettsia prowazekii poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase (phbc2) Rickettsia prowazekii
ricty-q68vs9 Rickettsia typhi poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase Rickettsia typhi
rubxd-q1atg4 Rubrobacter xylanophilus (strain DSM 9941 \/ NBRC 16129) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Rubrobacter xylanophilus DSM 9941
sacd2-q21l41 Saccharophagus degradans (strain 2-40 \/ ATCC 43961 \/ DSM 17024) polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Saccharophagus degradans
silpo-q5ltw8 Silicibacter pomeroyi poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymerase Silicibacter pomeroyi
silst-q1gfw8 Silicibacter sp. poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class I Silicibacter sp. TM1040
sphal-q1gvu6 Sphingopyxis alaskensis (Sphingomonas alaskensis) poly(r)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, class i Sphingopyxis alaskensis RB2256
vibal-q1vdi5 Vibrio alginolyticus 12G01 polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Vibrio alginolyticus 12G01
vibch-VCA0688 Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio sp., polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Vibrio cholerae
vibpa-PHAC Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio sp., Vibrio alginolyticus, polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase Vibrio parahaemolyticus
vibvu-VV20739 Vibrio vulnificus poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) synthetase Vibrio vulnificus
zoora-PHBC Zoogloea ramigera phb polymerase Zoogloea ramigera
9psed-c0ktz0 Pseudomonas sp. USM4-55. PhbC Pseudomonas sp. USM4-55

Gene_locus_frgt Name Species
pseol-PHBC Pseudomonas oleovorans polyhydroxybutyrate synthase (fragment) Pseudomonas oleovorans

Substrate Chemical Nomenclature Proteins
P(3HB-co-4HB) 3-hydroxybutanoic acid\;4-hydroxybutanoic acid 9neis-e1apk1
P(3HB-co-3HHx) alceu-phbc    rhoru-PHBCRR    rhoco-PHAC    9neis-e1apk1
PHB poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) psesp-PHBDP1    aspfu-q4w9v8    crysp-Q874E9    alceu-phbc
3-hydroxybutyrate bacce-PHAC    alceu-phbc    psefl-q6xh00
3HB-CoA S-[2-[3-[[(2R)-4-[[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethyl] 3-hydroxybutanethioate ralso-PHBC    alceu-phbc    chrvi-phbc    bacce-PHAC    psefl-q6xh00

References (5)

Title : Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase (PhaC): The key enzyme for biopolyester synthesis - Neoh_2022_Curr.Res.Biotechnol_4_87
Author(s) : Neoh SZ , Chek MF , Tan HT , Linares-Pasten JA , Nandakumar A , Hakoshima T , Sudesh K
Ref : Current Research in Biotechnology , 4 :87 , 2022
Abstract :
PubMedSearch : Neoh_2022_Curr.Res.Biotechnol_4_87
PubMedID:

Title : Asymmetric Open-Closed Dimer Mechanism of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthase PhaC - Chek_2020_iScience_23_101084
Author(s) : Chek MF , Kim SY , Mori T , Tan HT , Sudesh K , Hakoshima T
Ref : iScience , 23 :101084 , 2020
Abstract :
PubMedSearch : Chek_2020_iScience_23_101084
PubMedID: 32388399
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9neis-e1apk1

Title : Structure of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase PhaC from Chromobacterium sp. USM2, producing biodegradable plastics - Chek_2017_Sci.Rep_7_5312
Author(s) : Chek MF , Kim SY , Mori T , Arsad H , Samian MR , Sudesh K , Hakoshima T
Ref : Sci Rep , 7 :5312 , 2017
Abstract :
PubMedSearch : Chek_2017_Sci.Rep_7_5312
PubMedID: 28706283
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9neis-e1apk1

Title : Polyester synthases: natural catalysts for plastics - Rehm_2003_Biochem.J_376_15
Author(s) : Rehm BH
Ref : Biochemical Journal , 376 :15 , 2003
Abstract :
PubMedSearch : Rehm_2003_Biochem.J_376_15
PubMedID: 12954080

Title : Cloning, molecular analysis, and expression of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase (phaC) gene from Chromobacterium violaceum - Kolibachuk_1999_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_65_3561
Author(s) : Kolibachuk D , Miller A , Dennis D
Ref : Applied Environmental Microbiology , 65 :3561 , 1999
Abstract :
PubMedSearch : Kolibachuk_1999_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_65_3561
PubMedID: 10427049
Gene_locus related to this paper: chrvi-PHAC , vibpa-PHAC