Malek_2024_ACS.Chem.Neurosci__

At present, one of the most promising strategies to tackle the complex challenges posed by Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves the development of novel multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs). To this end, we designed and synthesized nine new MTDLs using a straightforward and cost-efficient one-pot Biginelli three-component reaction. Among these newly developed compounds, one particular small molecule, named 3e has emerged as a promising MTDL. This compound effectively targets critical biological factors associated with AD, including the simultaneous inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs), selective antagonism of H(3) receptors, and blocking voltage-gated calcium channels. Additionally, compound 3e exhibited remarkable neuroprotective activity against H(2)O(2) and Abeta(1-40), and effectively restored cognitive function in AD mice treated with scopolamine in the novel object recognition task, confirming that this compound could provide a novel and innovative therapeutic approach for the effective treatment of AD.