(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Eukaryota: NE > Opisthokonta: NE > Metazoa: NE > Eumetazoa: NE > Bilateria: NE > Protostomia: NE > Ecdysozoa: NE > Panarthropoda: NE > Arthropoda: NE > Mandibulata: NE > Pancrustacea: NE > Hexapoda: NE > Insecta: NE > Dicondylia: NE > Pterygota: NE > Neoptera: NE > Holometabola: NE > Amphiesmenoptera: NE > Lepidoptera: NE > Glossata: NE > Neolepidoptera: NE > Heteroneura: NE > Ditrysia: NE > Obtectomera: NE > Bombycoidea: NE > Bombycidae: NE > Bombycinae: NE > Bombyx: NE > Bombyx mori: NE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MLLKLYFLAAVVVAATAQDFNPVVRVSQGLIQGSWKVSTKGRPYASFQGV PYARPPIGKYRFREPQQLKPWTGVWDATRTLSSCLQYDPFVGTITGSENC LFVNVYTPKLTPTASLPVMVFIHGGAFMYGEGGFYDAGNLMDRDMVVVTL NYRLGPLGFLSTGDEVAPGNNGLKDQSFALHWVKNNIQMFGGNPDSVTLT GCSAGGASVHYHYLSPLSRGTFHRGIAFSGSAFASWTHSVKPAQKAKTLA SIVGCPTGTSKEIIDCLKYRPAEVIVRAQIEMFDWKVHMFTPFTPTMEAP GVREPFLSQYPYHAAMAGAMAKLPLITSVTSEEGLYPAAVYQTEPGMLNE LEAHWEQLASNIFEYNDTLPLNLRADVAAKIKEHYLGGKPVSQEIYPQLV QALGDRLFVVDVGRMAQIHALKTGQPTYVYRYSFRGEFSLSNLMARNENN YGVCHADDVLRIFKYPNLSKISAEDTNIIECLIDLVYSYAATGTPKVTNT GLEWTPIKPGVPEISYLEISSPTDMQMKTNSDFGQKSFWDSLGFIENEKY SPHVKDEL
References
Title: Characterization and analysis of novel carboxyl/cholinesterase genes possessing the Thr-316 motif in the silkworm, Bombyx mori Tsubota T, Nakakura T, Shinoda T, Shiotsuki T Ref: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 74:2259, 2010 : PubMed
Juvenile hormone esterases (JHEs) function in juvenile hormone (JH) degradation. In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we have characterized authentic JHE (Bmjhe) and five other carboxyl/cholinesterase (CCE) genes (Bmcce-1 to -5) with GQSAG, a motif sequence of JHE. But none of the genes appeared to function in vivo as a JHE, except for Bmjhe. Recently it was reported that the GQSAG motif might be dispensable, and that the Thr-316 residue has functional significance for JHE activity. On the basis of these findings, we identified two novel JHE candidates, Bmcce-6 and Bmcce-7, that lack GQSAG but possess Thr-316. In the CCE phylogenetic tree, BmCCE-6 was close to the lepidopteran JHE cluster, while BmCCE-7 constituted the same cluster as pheromone-degrading esterases. The developmental expression profiles were different among Bmjhe, Bmcce-6, and Bmcce-7. None of the proteins hydrolyzed JH in vitro. Our results suggest that only one CCE (BmJHE) functions as JHE in the silkworm.
Bombyx mori, the domesticated silkworm, is a major insect model for research, and the first lepidopteran for which draft genome sequences became available in 2004. Two independent data sets from whole-genome shotgun sequencing were merged and assembled together with newly obtained fosmid- and BAC-end sequences. The remarkably improved new assembly is presented here. The 8.5-fold sequence coverage of an estimated 432 Mb genome was assembled into scaffolds with an N50 size of approximately 3.7 Mb; the largest scaffold was 14.5 million base pairs. With help of a high-density SNP linkage map, we anchored 87% of the scaffold sequences to all 28 chromosomes. A particular feature was the high repetitive sequence content estimated to be 43.6% and that consisted mainly of transposable elements. We predicted 14,623 gene models based on a GLEAN-based algorithm, a more accurate prediction than the previous gene models for this species. Over three thousand silkworm genes have no homologs in other insect or vertebrate genomes. Some insights into gene evolution and into characteristic biological processes are presented here and in other papers in this issue. The massive silk production correlates with the existence of specific tRNA clusters, and of several sericin genes assembled in a cluster. The silkworm's adaptation to feeding on mulberry leaves, which contain toxic alkaloids, is likely linked to the presence of new-type sucrase genes, apparently acquired from bacteria. The silkworm genome also revealed the cascade of genes involved in the juvenile hormone biosynthesis pathway, and a large number of cuticular protein genes.