Polylactic acid is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources. It is used to replace synthetic plastics produced from petroleum. Some bacterial enzyme can synthetize the polymer (PHA_synth_II) and some other are able to hydrolyse the polymer and to recycle the plastic (Aclacinomycin-methylesterase_RdmC, Mg-chelatase_BchO, Cutinase). Used also in co-polymer. Other enzymes which are not alpha/beta hydrolases degrade PLA (eg Thermitase Peptidase_S8 subtilase). PLA can exist in three stereochemical forms: poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA), poly-d-lactic acid (PDLA), or poly-d,l-lactic acid (PDLLA). Many proteases that are not alpha/beta hydrolases degrade PLA (proteinase K Peptidase S8, Subtilisin like, SnoaL-like domain-containing protein enzymes...)
Type : Polymer, Polyester, Aliphatic polyester
Chemical_Nomenclature : 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid homopolymer
Canonical SMILES :
InChI :
InChIKey :
Other name(s) : Polylactic acid || poly(L-lactic acid) || polylactide || Polylactate || poly(lactic acid) || Poly(L-lactide) || Poly(D-lactide) || poly-l-lactic acid || poly-d-lactic acid || poly-d,l-lactic acid || PLA, Poly || PLA || PLLA || PDLA || PDLLA || Luminy L105
Structures : 4PSU
Families : Cutinase, PHA_synth_II, Aclacinomycin-methylesterase_RdmC, Mg-chelatase_BchO, Lipase_2, Polyesterase-lipase-cutinase, 6_AlphaBeta_hydrolase, Polyesterase-MGS0156-like, Monoglyceridelipase_lysophospholip, Bacterial_lip_FamI.5, Lipase_3, BD-FAE, Bacterial_lip_FamI.1, Hormone-sensitive_lipase_like
Title : A polylactic acid degrading lipase from Bacillus safensis: Characterization and structural analysis - Wang_2024_Int.J.Biol.Macromol_268_131916 |
Author(s) : Wang Y , Zhang W , Wang Z , Lyu S |
Ref : Int J Biol Macromol , 268 :131916 , 2024 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Wang_2024_Int.J.Biol.Macromol_268_131916 |
PubMedID: 38679264 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: bacpu-q6rsn0 |
Title : Enzymatic degradation of polylactic acid (PLA) - Shalem_2024_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_108_413 |
Author(s) : Shalem A , Yehezkeli O , Fishman A |
Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 108 :413 , 2024 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Shalem_2024_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_108_413 |
PubMedID: 38985324 |
Title : Evaluation of the Physical and Shape Memory Properties of Fully Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)\/Poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) Blends - Bianchi_2023_Polymers.(Basel)_15_881 |
Author(s) : Bianchi M , Dorigato A , Morreale M , Pegoretti A |
Ref : Polymers (Basel) , 15 :881 , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Bianchi_2023_Polymers.(Basel)_15_881 |
PubMedID: 36850164 |
Title : Toughening Effect of 2,5-Furandicaboxylate Polyesters on Polylactide-Based Renewable Fibers - Fredi_2023_Molecules_28_4811 |
Author(s) : Fredi G , Zonta E , Dussin A , Bikiaris DN , Papageorgiou GZ , Fambri L , Dorigato A |
Ref : Molecules , 28 :4811 , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Fredi_2023_Molecules_28_4811 |
PubMedID: 37375367 |
Title : Engineered yeast for the efficient hydrolysis of polylactic acid - Myburgh_2023_Bioresour.Technol__129008 |
Author(s) : Myburgh MW , Favaro L , van Zyl WH , Viljoen-Bloom M |
Ref : Bioresour Technol , :129008 , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Myburgh_2023_Bioresour.Technol__129008 |
PubMedID: 37011843 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: crysp-Q874E9 |
Title : Microbiome dynamics during anaerobic digestion of food waste and the genetic potential for poly (lactic acid) co-digestion - Zhu_2023_Chem.Eng.J__145194 |
Author(s) : Zhu X , Zhu S , Zhao Z , Kang X , Ju F |
Ref : Chemical Engineering Journal , :145194 , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Zhu_2023_Chem.Eng.J__145194 |
PubMedID: |
Title : Enzymatic hydrolysis of single-use bioplastic items by improved recombinant yeast strains - Myburgh_2023_Bioresour.Technol__129908 |
Author(s) : Myburgh MW , van Zyl WH , Modesti M , Viljoen-Bloom M , Favaro L |
Ref : Bioresour Technol , :129908 , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Myburgh_2023_Bioresour.Technol__129908 |
PubMedID: 37866766 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: crysp-Q874E9 |
Title : Polymer-Degrading Enzymes of Pseudomonas chloroaphis PA23 Display Broad Substrate Preferences - Mohanan_2023_Int.J.Mol.Sci_24_ |
Author(s) : Mohanan N , Wong MC , Budisa N , Levin DB |
Ref : Int J Mol Sci , 24 : , 2023 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Mohanan_2023_Int.J.Mol.Sci_24_ |
PubMedID: 36901931 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: psecl-LIP3 , psecl-LIP4 , psecl-PHAZ |
Title : Characterization of Polymer Degrading Lipases, LIP1 and LIP2 From Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23 - Mohanan_2022_Front.Bioeng.Biotechnol_10_854298 |
Author(s) : Mohanan N , Wong CH , Budisa N , Levin DB |
Ref : Front Bioeng Biotechnol , 10 :854298 , 2022 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Mohanan_2022_Front.Bioeng.Biotechnol_10_854298 |
PubMedID: 35519608 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: psecl-LIP1 , psecl-LIP2 |
Title : Insight on esterase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain S3 that depolymerize poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at ambient temperature - Noor_2020_Polym.Degrad.Stab_174_109096 |
Author(s) : Noor H , Satti SM , ud Din S , Farman M , Hasan F , Khan S , Badshah M , Shah AA |
Ref : Polymer Degradation and Stability , 174 :109096 , 2020 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Noor_2020_Polym.Degrad.Stab_174_109096 |
PubMedID: |
Title : Biodegradation mechanism of polycaprolactone by a novel esterase MGS0156: a QM\/MM approach - Feng_2020_Environ.Sci.Process.Impacts_22_2332 |
Author(s) : Feng S , Yue Y , Chen J , Zhou J , Li Y , Zhang Q |
Ref : Environ Sci Process Impacts , 22 :2332 , 2020 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Feng_2020_Environ.Sci.Process.Impacts_22_2332 |
PubMedID: 33146659 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9zzzz-A0A0G3FEJ8 |
Title : Structural insights into the unique polylactate-degrading mechanism of Thermobifida alba cutinase - Kitadokoro_2019_FEBS.J_286_2087 |
Author(s) : Kitadokoro K , Kakara M , Matsui S , Osokoshi R , Thumarat U , Kawai F , Kamitani S |
Ref : Febs J , 286 :2087 , 2019 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Kitadokoro_2019_FEBS.J_286_2087 |
PubMedID: 30761732 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9acto-f7ix06 |
Title : Screening and Characterization of Novel Polyesterases from Environmental Metagenomes with High Hydrolytic Activity against Synthetic Polyesters - Hajighasemi_2018_Environ.Sci.Technol_52_12388 |
Author(s) : Hajighasemi M , Tchigvintsev A , Nocek B , Flick R , Popovic A , Hai T , Khusnutdinova AN , Brown G , Xu X , Cui H , Anstett J , Chernikova TN , Bruls T , Le Paslier D , Yakimov MM , Joachimiak A , Golyshina OV , Savchenko A , Golyshin PN , Edwards EA , Yakunin AF |
Ref : Environ Sci Technol , 52 :12388 , 2018 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Hajighasemi_2018_Environ.Sci.Technol_52_12388 |
PubMedID: 30284819 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9zzzz-a0a0g3fj39 , 9zzzz-a0a0g3fj48 , 9zzzz-A0A0G3FEJ8 , 9bact-a4uz10 |
Title : Activity screening of environmental metagenomic libraries reveals novel carboxylesterase families - Popovic_2017_Sci.Rep_7_44103 |
Author(s) : Popovic A , Hai T , Tchigvintsev A , Hajighasemi M , Nocek B , Khusnutdinova AN , Brown G , Glinos J , Flick R , Skarina T , Chernikova TN , Yim V , Bruls T , Paslier DL , Yakimov MM , Joachimiak A , Ferrer M , Golyshina OV , Savchenko A , Golyshin PN , Yakunin AF |
Ref : Sci Rep , 7 :44103 , 2017 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Popovic_2017_Sci.Rep_7_44103 |
PubMedID: 28272521 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9zzzz-a0a0g3fj39 , 9zzzz-a0a0g3fj48 , 9zzzz-A0A0G3FEJ8 |
Title : Small cause, large effect: Structural characterization of cutinases from Thermobifida cellulosilytica - Ribitsch_2017_Biotechnol.Bioeng_114_2481 |
Author(s) : Ribitsch D , Hromic A , Zitzenbacher S , Zartl B , Gamerith C , Pellis A , Jungbauer A , Lyskowski A , Steinkellner G , Gruber K , Tscheliessnig R , Herrero Acero E , Guebitz GM |
Ref : Biotechnol Bioeng , 114 :2481 , 2017 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Ribitsch_2017_Biotechnol.Bioeng_114_2481 |
PubMedID: 28671263 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: thefu-q6a0i4 , thefu-q6a0i3 |
Title : Biochemical and Structural Insights into Enzymatic Depolymerization of Polylactic Acid and Other Polyesters by Microbial Carboxylesterases - Hajighasemi_2016_Biomacromolecules_17_2027 |
Author(s) : Hajighasemi M , Nocek BP , Tchigvintsev A , Brown G , Flick R , Xu X , Cui H , Hai T , Joachimiak A , Golyshin PN , Savchenko A , Edwards EA , Yakunin AF |
Ref : Biomacromolecules , 17 :2027 , 2016 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Hajighasemi_2016_Biomacromolecules_17_2027 |
PubMedID: 27087107 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: marav-a1u5n0 , rhopa-q6n9m9 , alcbs-q0vlq1 |
Title : Application of Chitinous Materials in Production and Purification of a Poly(l-lactic acid) Depolymerase from Pseudomonas tamsuii TKU015 - Liang_2016_Polymers.(Basel)_8_98 |
Author(s) : Liang TW , Jen SN , Nguyen AD , Wang SL |
Ref : Polymers (Basel) , 8 : , 2016 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Liang_2016_Polymers.(Basel)_8_98 |
PubMedID: 30979189 |
Title : A UV-induced mutant of Cryptococcus flavus GB-1 with increased production of a biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme - Watanabe_2015_Process.Biochem_50_1718 |
Author(s) : Watanabe T , Suzuki K , Shinozaki Y , Yarimizu T , Yoshida S , Sameshima-Yamashita Y , Koitabashi M , Kitamoto HK |
Ref : Process Biochemistry , 50 :1718 , 2013 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Watanabe_2015_Process.Biochem_50_1718 |
PubMedID: |
Title : Biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme from Pseudozyma antarctica: cloning, sequencing, and characterization - Shinozaki_2013_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_97_2951 |
Author(s) : Shinozaki Y , Morita T , Cao XH , Yoshida S , Koitabashi M , Watanabe T , Suzuki K , Sameshima-Yamashita Y , Nakajima-kambe T , Fujii T , Kitamoto HK |
Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 97 :2951 , 2013 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Shinozaki_2013_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_97_2951 |
PubMedID: 22678026 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: psea2-s6bc01 |
Title : Enzymatic degradation of polyester films by a cutinase-like enzyme from Pseudozyma antarctica: surface plasmon resonance and atomic force microscopy study - Shinozaki_2013_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_97_8591 |
Author(s) : Shinozaki Y , Kikkawa Y , Sato S , Fukuoka T , Watanabe T , Yoshida S , Nakajima-kambe T , Kitamoto HK |
Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 97 :8591 , 2013 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Shinozaki_2013_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_97_8591 |
PubMedID: 23339012 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: psea2-s6bc01 |
Title : Purification, cloning and expression of an Aspergillus niger lipase for degradation of poly(lactic acid) and poly(e-caprolactone) - Nakajima-Kambe_2012_Polym.Degrad.Stab_97_139 |
Author(s) : Nakajima-kambe T , Edwinoliver NG , Maeda H , Thirunavukarasu K , Gowthaman MK , Masaki K , Mahalingam S , Kamini NR |
Ref : Polymer Degradation and Stability , 97 :139 , 2012 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Nakajima-Kambe_2012_Polym.Degrad.Stab_97_139 |
PubMedID: |
Gene_locus related to this paper: aspng-g9m5r3 |
Title : Tailor-made type II Pseudomonas PHA synthases and their use for the biosynthesis of polylactic acid and its copolymer in recombinant Escherichia coli - Yang_2011_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_90_603 |
Author(s) : Yang TH , Jung YK , Kang HO , Kim TW , Park SJ , Lee SY |
Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 90 :603 , 2011 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Yang_2011_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_90_603 |
PubMedID: 21221571 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: psech-PHAC1 |
Title : Different enantioselectivity of two types of poly(lactic acid) depolymerases toward poly(l-lactic acid) and poly(d-lactic acid) - Kawai_2011_Polym.Degrad.Stab_96_1342 |
Author(s) : Kawai F , Nakadai K , Nishioka E , Nakajima H , Ohara H , Masaki K , Iefuji H |
Ref : Polymer Degradation and Stability , 96 :1342 , 2011 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Kawai_2011_Polym.Degrad.Stab_96_1342 |
PubMedID: |
Gene_locus related to this paper: crysp-Q874E9 |
Title : Purification and characterization of poly(L-lactic acid) depolymerase from Pseudomonas sp. strain DS04-T - Watanabe_2015_Process.Biochem_50_1718 |
Author(s) : Wang Z , Wang Y , Guo Z , Li F , Chen S |
Ref : Polym Eng Sci , 51 :454 , 2011 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Watanabe_2015_Process.Biochem_50_1718 |
PubMedID: |
Title : Gene Cloning and Characterization of a Poly(l-Lactic Acid) Depolymerase from Pseudomonas sp. Strain DS04-T - Wang_2011_J.Polym.Environ_19_827 |
Author(s) : Wang ZY , Li F , Guo ZQ , Wang Y , Chen S |
Ref : J. Polym. Environ , 19 :827 , 2011 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Wang_2011_J.Polym.Environ_19_827 |
PubMedID: |
Title : Identification and characterization of novel poly(DL-lactic acid) depolymerases from metagenome - Mayumi_2008_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_79_743 |
Author(s) : Mayumi D , Akutsu-Shigeno Y , Uchiyama H , Nomura N , Nakajima-kambe T |
Ref : Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology , 79 :743 , 2008 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Mayumi_2008_Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol_79_743 |
PubMedID: 18461319 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: 9bact-a4uz11 , 9bact-a4uz12 , 9bact-a4uz10 , 9bact-a4uz14 |
Title : Cutinase-like enzyme from the yeast Cryptococcus sp. strain S-2 hydrolyzes polylactic acid and other biodegradable plastics - Masaki_2005_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_71_7548 |
Author(s) : Masaki K , Kamini NR , Ikeda H , Iefuji H |
Ref : Applied Environmental Microbiology , 71 :7548 , 2005 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Masaki_2005_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_71_7548 |
PubMedID: 16269800 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: crysp-Q874E9 |
Title : Cloning and sequencing of a poly(DL-lactic acid) depolymerase gene from Paenibacillus amylolyticus strain TB-13 and its functional expression in Escherichia coli - Akutsu-Shigeno_2003_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_69_2498 |
Author(s) : Akutsu-Shigeno Y , Teeraphatpornchai T , Teamtisong K , Nomura N , Uchiyama H , Nakahara T , Nakajima-kambe T |
Ref : Applied Environmental Microbiology , 69 :2498 , 2003 |
Abstract : |
PubMedSearch : Akutsu-Shigeno_2003_Appl.Environ.Microbiol_69_2498 |
PubMedID: 12732514 |
Gene_locus related to this paper: paeam-PLAA |