Sarin
The organophosphate nerve agents tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and cyclosarin (GF) are among the most toxic chemical warfare agents known. The G-series nerve agents are named because German scientists led by Dr Gerhard Schraderfirst synthesized them during World War II, beginning with GA in 1936. GB was discovered next in 1938, followed by GD in 1944 and finally GF in 1949. The only other known nerve agent, O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate (VX), V-series - VE, VG, VM, Russian VX). G-series nerve agents share a number of common physical and chemical properties. At room temperature, the G-series nerve agents are volatile liquids, making them a serious risk for 2 types of exposure: dermal contact with liquid nerve agent or inhalation of nerve agent vapor.Sarin is an acronym for the names of the members of the development team: Schrader. Ambrose. Rudriger. and van der Linde. The Germans deignated it T-I44 or Trilon-46. The United Slates eventually designated it GB
General
Type : Chemical Warfare Agent, Organophosphate, Nerve Agent G-series, Derivative of Sarin
Chemical_Nomenclature : 2-[fluoro(methyl)phosphoryl]oxypropane
Canonical SMILES : CC(C)OP(=O)(C)F
InChI : InChI=1S\/C4H10FO2P\/c1-4(2)7-8(3,5)6\/h4H,1-3H3
InChIKey : DYAHQFWOVKZOOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Other name(s) : Zarin || Sarin II || Trilone 46 || IMPF || Methylphosphonofluoridic acid 1-methyl-ethyl esther || Isopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate || Isopropoxymethylphosphorylfluoride || GB || T144 || T-144 || Trilon-46
MW : 140.09
Formula : C4H10FO2P
CAS_number : 107-44-8
PubChem : 7871
UniChem : DYAHQFWOVKZOOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Wikipedia : Sarin
Target
Families : Sarin ligand of proteins in family
ACHE
BCHE
PAF-Acetylhydrolase
Carboxypeptidase_S10
Structure :
1CFJ
7R0A
7BFU
6WUZ
6WV1
5FPP
5FPQ
2Y2V
2WHP
2WHQ
3F96
2JGL
Protein :
human-ACHE
human-BCHE
human-CTSA
References (52)
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| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Alsaleh_2022_Cureus_14_e22188 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-ACHE |
| Title : Covalent inhibition of hAChE by organophosphates causes homodimer dissociation through long-range allosteric effects - Blumenthal_2021_J.Biol.Chem__ |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-ACHE |
| Title : A Thermophilic Bacterial Esterase for Scavenging Nerve Agents: A Kinetic, Biophysical and Structural Study - Bzdrenga_2021_Molecules_26_657 |
| Author(s) : Bzdrenga J , Trenet E , Chantegreil F , Bernal K , Nachon F , Brazzolotto X |
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| PubMedSearch : Bzdrenga_2021_Molecules_26_657 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: 9bact-TtEst2 |
| Title : Structural and Kinetic Evidence of Aging after Organophosphate Inhibition of Human Cathepsin A - Bouknight_2020_Biochem.Pharmacol__113980 |
| Author(s) : Bouknight KD , Jurkouich KM , Compton JR , Khavrutskii IV , Guelta MA , Harvey SP , Legler PM |
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| PubMedSearch : Bouknight_2020_Biochem.Pharmacol__113980 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-CTSA |
| Title : Fatal sarin poisoning in Syria 2013: forensic verification within an international laboratory network - John_2018_Forensic.Toxicol_36_61 |
| Author(s) : John H , van der Schans MJ , Koller M , Spruit HET , Worek F , Thiermann H , Noort D |
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| Title : Sarin Exposures in A Cohort of British Military Participants in Human Experimental Research at Porton Down 1945-1987 - Keegan_2017_Ann.Work.Expo.Health_62_17 |
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| Title : Structure of a prereaction complex between the nerve agent sarin, its biological target acetylcholinesterase, and the antidote HI-6 - Allgardsson_2016_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_113_5514 |
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| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Allgardsson_2016_Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A_113_5514 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-ACHE |
| Title : Structure of HI-6*sarin-acetylcholinesterase determined by X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulation: reactivator mechanism and design - Ekstrom_2009_PLoS.One_4_e5957 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: mouse-ACHE |
| Title : Crystal structures of human group-VIIA phospholipase A2 inhibited by organophosphorus nerve agents exhibit non-aged complexes - Samanta_2009_Biochem.Pharmacol_78_420 |
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| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-PLA2G7 |
| Title : Enzyme-kinetic investigation of different sarin analogues reacting with human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase - Bartling_2007_Toxicology_233_166 |
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| Title : Crystal structures of aged phosphonylated acetylcholinesterase: nerve agent reaction products at the atomic level - Millard_1999_Biochemistry_38_7032 |
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| PubMedID: 10353814 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: torca-ACHE |
| Title : Reactivating potency of obidoxime, pralidoxime, HI 6 and HLo 7 in human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibited by highly toxic organophosphorus compounds - Worek_1998_Arch.Toxicol_72_237 |
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| Title : Effects of various drugs including organophosphorus compounds (OPC) and therapeutic compounds against OPC on DRL responding - Bizot_1998_Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav_59_1069 |
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| Title : Crystal structure of Aged phosphorylated and phosphonylated Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase - |
| Author(s) : Millard CB , Kryger G , Ordentlich A , Harel M , Raves ML , Greenblatt HM , Segall Y , Barak D , Shafferman A , Silman I , Sussman JL |
| Ref : In Structure and Function of Cholinesterases and Related Proteins - Proceedings of Sixth International Meeting on Cholinesterases , (Doctor, B.P., Taylor, P., Quinn, D.M., Rotundo, R.L., Gentry, M.K. Eds) Plenum Publishing Corp. :425 , 1998 |
| PubMedID: |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: torca-ACHE |
| Title : Organophosphorus acid anhydride hydrolase activity in human butyrylcholinesterase: synergy results in a somanase - Millard_1998_Biochemistry_37_237 |
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| PubMedSearch : Millard_1998_Biochemistry_37_237 |
| PubMedID: 9425044 |
| Gene_locus related to this paper: human-BCHE |
| Title : A preliminary study on delayed vestibulo-cerebellar effects of Tokyo Subway Sarin Poisoning in relation to gender difference: frequency analysis of postural sway - Yokoyama_1998_J.Occup.Environ.Med_40_17 |
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| PubMedID: 9656677 |
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| PubMedID: 9653062 |
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| PubMedSearch : Yokoyama_1998_Arch.Environ.Health_53_249 |
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| PubMedSearch : Nagao_1997_Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol_144_198 |
| PubMedID: 9169085 |
| Title : Eighteen cases exposed to sarin in Matsumoto, Japan - Suzuki_1997_Intern.Med_36_466 |
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| PubMedSearch : Suzuki_1997_Intern.Med_36_466 |
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| Title : Sarin poisoning on Tokyo subway - Ohbu_1997_South.Med.J_90_587 |
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| Title : Phosphotriesterase--a promising candidate for use in detoxification of organophosphates - Tuovinen_1994_Fundam.Appl.Toxicol_23_578 |
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| Title : Use of hemoperfusion in experimental intoxication with nerve agents - Monhart_1994_Artif.Organs_18_770 |
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| Abstract : |
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| PubMedID: 7835534 |
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| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Bajgar_1993_Sb.Ved.Pr.Lek.Fak.Karlovy.Univerzity.Hradci.Kralove_36_63 |
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| Abstract : |
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| Title : Putative M2 muscarinic receptors of rat heart have high affinity for organophosphorus anticholinesterases - Silveira_1990_Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol_103_474 |
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| Ref : Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , 103 :474 , 1990 |
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| Title : [The effect of the oxime HI-6 on miosis induced by topical administration of sarin and VX in the rabbit eye] - Macic_1990_Vojnosanit.Pregl_47_399 |
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| Ref : Vojnosanit Pregl , 47 :399 , 1990 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Macic_1990_Vojnosanit.Pregl_47_399 |
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| Title : A new H-oxime restores rat diaphragm contractility after esterase inhibition in vitro - Alberts_1990_Eur.J.Pharmacol_184_191 |
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| Abstract : |
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| Title : Histochemical demonstration of calcium accumulation in muscle fibres after experimental organophosphate poisoning - Inns_1990_Hum.Exp.Toxicol_9_245 |
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| Ref : Hum Exp Toxicol , 9 :245 , 1990 |
| Abstract : |
| PubMedSearch : Inns_1990_Hum.Exp.Toxicol_9_245 |
| PubMedID: 2390321 |
| Title : Comparison of the effects of diisopropylfluorophosphate, sarin, soman, and tabun on toxicity and brain acetylcholinesterase activity in mice - Tripathi_1989_J.Toxicol.Environ.Health_26_437 |
| Author(s) : Tripathi HL , Dewey WL |
| Ref : J Toxicol Environ Health , 26 :437 , 1989 |
| Abstract : |
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| Title : Studies on low dose sub-acute administration of soman, sarin and tabun in the rat - Dulaney_1985_Acta.Pharmacol.Toxicol.(Copenh)_57_234 |
| Author(s) : Dulaney MD, Jr. , Hoskins B , Ho IK |
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| PubMedSearch : Dulaney_1985_Acta.Pharmacol.Toxicol.(Copenh)_57_234 |
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