LYsophospholipase_carboxylesterase

Family: LYsophospholipase_carboxylesterase

Block: X

Parent Family: No family

Comment

PLP_Cesterase. Abhydrolase_2; This family consists of both phospholipases and carboxylesterases with broad substrate specificity, but different of the family Monoglyceridelipase_lysophospholipase which is part of PF00561 AlphaBeta hydrolase. For bacterial enzymes, this family correspond to family VI of the classification of Arpigny and Jaeger (1999) The acyl protein thioesterases (APT1:LYPLA1, APT2: LYPLA2) are G protein depalmitoylases and accept also a number of S-palmitoylated protein and phospholipid substrates. Increasing brain palmitoylation rescues behavior and neuropathology in Huntington disease mice. Inhibition of APT-1 restaures the axonal transport. Under development for treatment of Hutington disease Virlogeux et al. Another closely related family of hydrolases: the ABHD17-depalmitoylase family contributes to the depalmitoylation of Ras-family GTPases and synaptic proteins. Burger et al. show that Acyl-protein thioesterase structures present a long tunnel for accommodation of long-chain fatty acids and release the product by use of a flexible loop tunnel lid. Homologous deacetylases use a hydrophobic residue to fix the lid and another residue to close the tunnel entrance. This causes loop rigidity changing the catalytic preference to deacetylation. SOBER1 is a protein deacetylase and not an acylprotein thioesterase. Family TE21 in ThYme database. || APT-1 and APT-2 Increasing brain palmitoylation rescues behavior and neuropathology in Huntington disease mice. Inhibition of APT-1 restaures the axonal transport. Under development for treatment of Hutington disease.